2026-07-25T02:04:48Z https://www.jital.org/index.php/index/oai

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/21 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.www.jital.org:article/2 2015-05-23T07:30:11Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/10 2015-06-01T06:36:08Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.www.jital.org:article/1 2015-05-23T07:30:11Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/16 2015-06-01T06:36:08Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/12 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/729 2026-06-01T07:35:40Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/13 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/656 2026-06-06T06:36:20Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/20 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/663 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

Influencer Marketing and Consumer’s Lifestyle Branding: The Mediating Role of Audience Perception Nyange, Eunice Frank; College of Business Education Marketing; Consumer Behaviour Influencer Marketing; Audience Perception; Lifestyle Branding I31 This study examines how influencer marketing affects consumer lifestyle branding in Tanzania, focusing on the role that audience perception plays. The research uses Source Credibility Theory, Social Learning Theory, and Perception Theory. It collects and analyses data from a group of Tanzanian urban young people, using a quantitative method with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The measurement model results showed that the constructs were reliable and valid. The structural model analysis showed that influencer marketing affects audience perception (β = 0.686, p < 0.001). Perception then affects lifestyle branding (β = 0.564, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed that audience perception mediates the relationship between influencer marketing and lifestyle branding (β = 0.387, p < 0.001). The model showed average explanatory power (R² = 0.471 for perception, R² = 0.318 for branding). It also showed good predictive relevance. The findings highlight the significance of genuine influencers and credibility in shaping brand identity adoption. Companies should invest in long-term influencer partnerships, create content that fits the culture, and manage perception with a plan. This study adds to the literature about digital branding in Sub-Saharan Africa and it shows that perception acts as a link between marketing influence and lifestyle alignment. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law None 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion quantitative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/663 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 157-170 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/663/pdf_352 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/311 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

The Effects of Stakeholder’s Involvement on Performance of Public Authorities in Delivering Water Services in Tanzania: Lesson from Dawasa Nyambitta, Taussi Ally Mohamed, Mohamed Habibu; College of Business Education (CBE) Business Administration Stakeholders Involvement, Performance of Public Authority Business Administration The significance of stakeholders  involvement towards the performance of public authorities brought several debate in the country. This study established the effect of stakeholders involvement  on performance of public authorities in delivering water services in Tanzania. The study adopted a cross sectional design on a sample of 52 respondents obtained through stratified sampling and simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaire, interview and documentary review and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage and inferential statistics analysis while Qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis. The study found that stakeholders had a positive and significant effect on the performance of public authorities in delivering water services in Tanzania. Therefore, it was concluded that stakeholder is a prerequisite for the performance of public authorities in delivering water services. The study recommended that DAWASA should have stakeholders’ in different program in order to facilitate performance in water service delivery. Since factors affect performance of public authority in delivering water services are many and diverse, this study focused only one predominant factor (stakeholder’s involvement). Hence, the finding of this study should not be generalized beyond that particular unit of inquiry. Other studies should be conducted to ascertain the extent to which other factors such as organisational resources, management, and technology effect performance of public authority in delivering water services in Tanzania.       Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Cross sectional design; Qualitatively and Quantitatively application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/311 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 154-161 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/311/pdf_174 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/557 2025-05-24T07:37:33Z jital:ART

Bibliometric Analysis of Circular Economy and International Trade Baran Satılmış, Şüheda; İstanbul Ticaret University Aykaç Alp, Elçin International Trade, Circular Economy, Bibliometric Analysis The themes of circular economy and international trade are two significant areas of study that are complementary to each other in the realization of sustainable development goals. On one side, a circular economy provides an economic model intended to ensure the effective use of natural resources with the least possible generation of waste; on the other side, international trade will help to evaluate the potential success and effectiveness of the model in question all around the world. The aim of this study is to evaluate the academic output and effectiveness in these fields based on a bibliometric analysis of the literature of circular economy and international trade. This work has the main objectives of follow-up of the evolution of research disciplines, identification of scientific networks, and gaps in the existing literature. In the present paper, data were retrieved from papers indexed in the Scopus database from 2008 to 2024 and were visualized in VOSviewer. With a comprehensive assessment of the change and nature of research about the circular economy and international trade, the current study supplies necessary information for future research directions and spots imperative areas for further analysis. Such research brings knowledge to scholars on recent trends, key publications, and authority authors in their field of study. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/557 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 61-75 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/557/pdf_296 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/238 2021-11-28T13:24:59Z jital:ART

Meaning the Phrase “Own Demand” in Leadership In East Java Michael, Tomy; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya leadership; phrase “own demand”; east java This study uses normative legal research that uses legislation and current conditions to carry out legal interpretation. In this case, the phrase "self-request" is defined as a request that originates from his own awareness that his actions have harmed the community.  This means that there is no conflict preceded by the act of resigning oneself.  Self-awareness of actions is important to understand the meaning of “self-demand”. The Governor of East Java is better off resigning at his own request because this action will make the state focus on legal certainty. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/238 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 2 (2021): December; 16-21 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/238/pdf_130 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/238/48 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/104 2018-12-20T10:32:36Z jital:ART

The Effect of Trust and Uncertainty in the Supply Chain on Firm Performance Erdogan, Batuhan Çemberci, Murat; Yıldız Technical University Associate Prof. Dr. Supply Chain Management, Trust in the Supply Chain, Uncertainty, Technological Uncertainty, Demand Uncertainty In the current professional environment with the globalizing world, the companies are constantly in a competition with one another in order to survive. The companies in this globalizing world need to give close attention to the customer's demands in order to be ahead of the competition. The increasing pressure from global competition, the rapidly and constantly changing customer demands and the race to uphold these demands rapidly, and effectively, the limited nature of financial and non-financial resources has led the companies to form business partnerships with supply chains. Trust is the leading psychological factor in any kind of social relationship and it’s indispensable in collaborative relationships as well. In this study, the effect of trust in the supply chain on the performance of the company is examined. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-12-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/104 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 2 (2018): December; 53-62 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/104/pdf_63 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/748 2026-06-06T06:36:23Z jital:ART

Smart Irrigation Technologies: A Meta-Analytical and Structural Modeling Approach Gökçek, Turgut; Industrial Policy and Technology Management, http//orcid.org/0000-0001-7816-9891 Öz, Sabri; BeTa Science Association, İstanbul School of Technology Arslan, Hüseyin; ÇEKO, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0046-8132 Industrial Policy Smart Irrigation; IoT; Machine Learning; Meta-Analysis; Agricultural Productivity Technology Management in Agriculture The emergence of smart irrigation systems supported by new technological capabilities such as the Internet of Things (IoT) has had transformative effects on water management. Fragmented and methodologically diverse empirical findings in researchers' studies makes it difficult to evaluate the effects of this technology. The aim of this scientific study is to present the multidimensional effects of smart irrigation technologies in a systematic and comparable framework. In the study, latent factor structures were identified and tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that smart irrigation technologies have a strong and positive effect on agricultural performance (r = 0.853). Subgroup analyses show that machine learning-based systems have a higher impact when compared to traditional smart irrigation systems. The study offers important policy implications regarding agricultural productivity gains and environmental sustainability through water management with smart irrigation technologies. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion SEM application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/748 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 333-343 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/748/pdf_402 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/402 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

Teacher Performance in Tanzania: Discovering the Influence of Salary as a Motivational Catalyst - A Systematic Review Kambuga, Yusuph Maulid; College of Business Education (CBE) Low salary, teacher performance, teacher motivation, retention, turnover Motivation This paper reviews the literature on the relationship between teachers' salaries and their performance in Tanzania. The study highlights the importance of teachers and their role in shaping future generations. However, the low salary levels of teachers have resulted in low motivation, high turnover, and low performance. The review methodology involved a systematic search of electronic databases using keywords related to Tanzania, teacher salaries, teacher performance, motivation, turnover, and job satisfaction through publish or perish software. Databases such as Semantic Scholar, ERIC, Science Direct, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies published between 2010 and 2023. The study used established inclusion and exclusion criteria, and sixteen studies met the criteria, including three quantitative, eight mixed-method, and five qualitative studies.The findings reliably showed that low salaries negatively affect teacher performance worldwide. Teachers receiving low salaries are less motivated, have lower job satisfaction, and are more likely to engage in absenteeism and moonlighting. Moreover, low salaries lead to a brain drain of highly qualified teachers from the public education system to private schools or other professions. The study highlights the importance of addressing the issue of low salaries for teachers in Tanzania to improve teacher performance and the quality of education. The findings showed the role of policymakers, educators, and stakeholders, underscoring the need for a policy addressing the issue of low teacher salaries to improve the quality of education. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law None 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion A systematic review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/402 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 94-110 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/402/pdf_222 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/589 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Urgency of Banning Botor Buyang in Kwangkai Traditional Ceremony of Dayak Tunjung Bernuaq Customary Community Kutai Kartaegara East Kalimantan Iswanto, Iswanto; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Suhartono, Slamet; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Mangesti, Yovita Arie; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, law ceremony, dayak, traditional law One of the indigenous communities that still maintains its traditions and cultural values is the Dayak Tunjung Benuaq tribe, located in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan. One of the customary values that still applies and is maintained in this indigenous community is a ceremony known as the Kwangkai Traditional Ceremony, which is held routinely every year. The Kwangkai traditional ceremony is a traditional ceremony, one of which is to preserve the customary values and culture of the Dayak Tunjung Benuaq tribe. The Kwangkai traditional ceremony is actually a sacred ritual that aims to maintain the cultural values of the Dayak Tunjung Benuaq indigenous community. Botor Buyang is a game activity carried out during the Kwangkai traditional ceremony in the indigenous tribe as a sacred ritual to honor the ancestral spirits of the Tunjung Benuaq indigenous people, Kutaikartanegara, East Kalimantan. Initially, Botor buyang was considered an inseparable part of the Kwangkai traditional ceremony. However, because Botor Buyang contains elements of gambling, namely there is an element of luck, Botor Buyang is considered gambling. Therefore, Botor Buyang must be prohibited because it harms the sacred values of the indigenous people and is not in accordance with the values of community life. To carry out this prohibition, a Regional Regulation must be formed on traditional activities, including the Kwangkai traditional ceremony by including a prohibition on gambling in any form, so that the police and other law enforcers have a legal basis in prohibiting and prosecuting perpetrators of gambling in the traditional ceremony. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The implementation of this research applies normative legal methods application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/589 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 294-298 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/589/pdf_317 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/498 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

The Role of Interactional Justice in the Impact of Occupational Safety Perception on Organizational Change Cynicism and Unethical Behavior Turunç, Ömer; Antalya Bilim University Organizational Behavior Occupational safety, organizational change cynicism, unethical behavior, interactional justice, health sector M14, M16, I12 Enhancing business performance, which is a significant component of sustainable competition, is a crucial issue in the realm of business. In resolving this issue, identifying and optimizing elements that reduce job performance are considered to play a pivotal role. The perception of occupational safety is a precursor to many factors that affect employee performance. It is believed that reducing this perception, which is deemed to influence negative behaviors such as cynicism and unethical conduct, can positively impact employee performance. Interactional justice is considered to play a significant role in mitigating these adverse factors. In this context, a study was conducted on healthcare workers in Antalya province (n=160). This study evaluated the impact of occupational safety perception on cynicism and unethical behavior and the role of interactional justice in this relationship. The research conducted in private hospitals in the healthcare sector revealed that the perception of occupational safety has not significant effects on employees' cynicism but has a negative effect on unethical behavior, and interactional justice plays a moderating role in these relationships  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Research application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/498 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 309-317 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/498/pdf_265 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/166 2020-12-21T15:30:14Z jital:ART

The Puzzle of Unemployment and Inflation: A Causality Analysis to Ethiopia Haile, Minyahil Alemu; Jimma University Granger Causality, Inflation, Phillips Curve, Unemployment The puzzle of unemployment and inflation has remained controversial. The choice between the two ends up with cost borne from the other end. Of course, the policy aim is to keep them both to their minimum possible rates. Countries need to examine the dynamics between the two and choose one with lesser harm to the general system. We applied Granger Causality approach to examine the nature of causality between inflation and unemployment to Ethiopia, using a time series running from 1984 to 2018. Accordingly, the-two-way causality between inflation and unemployment (cyclical) variables has been confirmed. Thus, macroeconomic policies need to appreciate this interdependence while designing policy settings. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/166 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 2 (2020): December; 29-32 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/166/pdf_97 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/55 2017-06-10T08:33:36Z jital:ART

The Notification Made to the Agent Koçoğlu, Safa Notification, Representation, Reputation, Administrator, Notification Law Individuals can not only follow their legal transactions themselves, but also can appoint agents for these transactions. By thinking this possibility, the law maker regulated the procedural actions done against the people who follow the legal action about an individual himself. In our work, following will be mentioned; the concept of representation and the scope of deputation, in works which are followed by an agent under which circumstances notifications should be made for an agent and principle, the result of the notification made for the assistant and/or intern of the agent or in a situation where being represented by more than one agent. Lastly, the sanction of not obeying Notification Law 11th article will be stated. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2017-06-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/55 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 1 (2017): June; 63-76 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/55/pdf_30 Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/690 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

The Role of Delivery Reliability on Port Supply Chain Performance at Zanzibar Port Corporation Migoda, Mwagori Harona; College of Business Mwalukasa, Boniface E; College of Business Education Tanzania Management and Procurement and Supply Chain Management Government Policy, performance ,operational efficiency JEL Classication Delivery reliability is a critical determinant of port supply chain performance, many developing ports continue to face operational inefficiencies that undermine their competitiveness. Zanzibar Port Corporation, which handles over 95% of the island’s trade, experiences persistent challenges in timely and accurate cargo delivery. These inefficiencies result in delays and reduced customer satisfaction, which negatively affect the overall efficiency and competitiveness of the port supply chain. Guided by the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model and Resource-Based View Theory, the current study examined the effects of delivery reliability on port supply chain performance. It focused on key delivery reliability dimensions including on-time delivery, order accuracy and tracking efficiency. A descriptive research design was employed, with structured questionnaires administered to 74 randomly selected port stakeholders. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Findings revealed that on-time delivery (B = 0.718, Beta = 0.783, p = 0.000) and tracking efficiency (B = 0.173, Beta = 0.183, p = 0.022) significantly improve port supply chain performance. while tracking efficiency and order accuracy require improvement. The model showed strong explanatory power (R² = 0.973), meaning delivery reliability dimensions explain most performance variation. The study concludes that while ZPC has effective practices in place, targeted improvements in tracking systems and standardization of operational procedures are necessary to enhance reliability. The findings have practical implications for port managers and policymakers, emphasizing that investments in internal processes and digital infrastructure under the Zanzibar Economy can strengthen supply chain efficiency and support sustainable regional trade growth.   Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law College of Bussiness 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative Approach application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/690 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 327-340 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/690/pdf_368 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/690/148 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/339 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

Digital Transformation Processes of Manufacturing Enterprises in Organized Industrial Zones: The Effect of Digital Transformation on Competitiveness in International Trade Kayar, Adem; Istanbul Ticaret University Baz, İbrahim Industry 4.0, Digital Transformation in Industry, Organized Industrial Zones, Production Systems Today, enterprises producing in every sector are looking for ways to increase efficiency and quality in their manufacturing processes. In the globalizing world economy, competition conditions are increasing day by day, and the cost of each product produced is monitored and kept under control. Most of the manufacturing enterprises operate in Organized Industrial Zones (OIZ). OIZ, in order to ensure the structuring of the industry in suitable areas, to direct urbanization, to prevent unplanned industrialization and environmental problems, to use the resources rationally, to place the industrial types within the scope of a certain plan, to establish certain laws in the necessary administrative, social and technical infrastructure areas within the zoning plans of the previously determined land plots. It refers to the production regions of goods and services that are operated in accordance with the provisions of the law. It is observed that manufacturing enterprises operating in OIZ regions face difficulties in digital transformation processes. These challenging processes can cause many manufacturing businesses not to switch to digital transformation. However, with the right planning and management of the manufacturing enterprises in the OIZ, the digital transformation processes will be much easier, faster and less costly. Manufacturing enterprises that complete their digital transformation processes gain advantages over their competitors in international trade in terms of performance and productivity gains. In this study, the digital transformation processes of the manufacturing enterprises in the OIZs will be examined, and the difficulties experienced, the application methods and the advantages provided after digital transformation will be discussed. It is aimed to contribute to the digital transformation processes of manufacturing enterprises located in other OIZs by examining the application methods of digital transformation in an exemplary manufacturing enterprise in detail. The advantages of manufacturing companies that have successfully completed digital transformation and their impact on competitiveness in international trade will be examined. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/339 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 111-116 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/339/pdf_190 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/581 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Re-examining The Relationship Between Innovation and Entrepreneurship from Sustainability Perspective within The Framework of The Abernathy and Clark Model Yücel, Muhammed Fatih Çemberci, Murat; Yıldız Technical University Social science; Business Administration Sustainable Innovation; Sustainable Entrepreneurship; Individual Entrepreneurship; Sustainable Development Strategic Management; Innovation Management; Entrepreneurship The concepts of innovation and entrepreneurship are encountered in the literature as two concepts that feed each other while increasing their popularity, but there is no accepted study on which one is the initiator of the cycle. In our study, where the theoretical development processes of the concepts are discussed in detail, it is aimed to make the cycle more efficient and sustainable by finding the initiator. Innovation is the process of creating new ideas, products, processes or services and their systematic implementation. This process encompasses not only technical or technological developments, but also changes in organisational structures, business models and value models. In essence, innovation is a quest to create value that will contribute to the environment, society and governance. Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, is the process of recognising and valorising opportunities for environmental, social and managerial contribution. Could the answer to whether we innovate because we are entrepreneurs or become entrepreneurs because we learn to innovate and recognise opportunities from an innovative perspective be hidden in the environment. In the Abernathy and Clark model, revolutionary and structural environment focuses on learning, while regular and niche innovation emphasises the innate characteristics of the individual, but without an appropriate learning and practice environment, innate innovative tendencies can be suppressed and negatively affect entrepreneurial activities. In our study, in order to examine the relationality in detail, in addition to a systematic literature review, analyses were conducted on 5-year data of 43 countries. It is emphasised that innovation is a phenomenon that can be taught to human capital and initiates entrepreneurship. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Relational analysis; Regression; Pearson Correlation application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/581 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 236-247 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/581/pdf_312 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/273 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

Challenges of Humanitarian Logistics on disaster management: The experience of Corona Pandemic in Tanzania Masoud, Yussuf Ali; College of Business Education- Dar es Salaam Supply chain Management Humanitarian Logistics, Coordination, Transportation, Information Communication Technology Logistics Management Despite the government of Tanzania's multiple measures to combat the coronavirus epidemic, there is still a lot of misery and human death that is recorded from time to time. The goal of this research was to determine the role of coordination, transportation, and information and communication technology in the performance of humanitarian operations during the coronavirus pandemic and to give recommendations for how to improve it. The data was collected via a questionnaire from a sample of six referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam and the Coastal Region using quantitative methodologies and an explanatory research methodology. Using descriptive data analysis, the mean and standard deviation of the findings were computed, and the data were then summarized using frequency distribution tables before being analyzed using a multiple regression model. All independent factors demonstrated a significant positive relationship with humanitarian relief performance, including coordination, transportation, and information communication technology (p0.05). For better humanitarian relief operation performance, the study recommended that referral hospitals management ensure that there are adequate facilities for distribution of relief requirements, the required materials/ facilities arrive on time and adequate ICT facilities for coordination of all stakeholders in the relief operation. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Paper application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/273 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 97-109 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/273/pdf_146 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/636 2025-11-27T14:47:10Z jital:ART

Setting of Advocates' Organization in Indonesia with the Single Bar Model to Realize Advocates' Professionalism Siregar, Ryan Gabriel; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Hufron, Hufron; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law Advocates Organization, Professionalism, Single Bar law In various countries, advocate organizations or Bar Associations in practice are not uniform in form (single bar, multi bar, federation), which is influenced by a number of factors including the legal system, history, professional development and choice of professional needs. Institutionally, the form and system with many advocate organizations in a country are acceptable, but the same standards are still needed to create standardized advocate quality. Referring to the UN Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers, the Government, Advocate Professional Organizations and Educational Institutions must jointly ensure that advocates undergo an adequate education and training system, and have knowledge of the duties and functions of an ideal and ethical advocate. Although the Advocate Law has adopted a single bar to carry out the function of a single regulator, in practice it shows that many organizations when carrying out the function of an advocate organization cannot in fact guarantee the same standards in maintaining the quality of the advocate profession. The process of recruiting advocates, for example, uses different standards between one organization and another, making it difficult to ensure the competence/quality of the same advocate. Enforcement of the Advocate Code of Ethics is also still considered insufficient, because advocates who are suspected of violating ethics when being processed in an advocate organization may still be able to change their membership to another advocate organization. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The research used in this research process uses a type of normative legal research.[8] By using library materials or secondary materials that have been collected. Legal research is also a process to determine legal rules, legal principles, and legal doctr application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/636 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 14-20 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/636/pdf_334 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/283 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

Examining the Effect of TikTok on the Moroccan Consumer Buying Decision Process after the Pandemic Garti, Ayman; Istanbul Ticaret University, Social Science Institute, Istanbul, Turkey Develi, Evrim İldem; Istanbul Ticaret University, Faculty of Business Administration and Department of International Commerce. Istanbul, Turkey Marketing ; Management Social Media Marketing, Covid 19, TikTok, Consumer Buying Decision Process Marketing After the pandemic of covid 19, the growth in social media has provided and created opportunities for both consumers by simplifying the buying process to simple clicks and product searching for companies to merge and strengthen their online presence. Given the importance for marketers to recognize the consumer way of making the buying decisions, acknowledging the consumer decision-making process starts with the awareness of identifying needs passing by collecting information in the form to satisfy these needs, evaluating the options available and alternatives to making the final decision of buying and finally explaining the satisfaction or dissatisfaction by considering this purchase decision. This study aims to understand how social media marketing channels can impact the five stages of the buying decision process after the pandemic. This paper will analyze the effect of social media marketing on the buying decision process. It has been designed to work and focus on TikTok as a social media marketing channel since it occupied an important role during the pandemic and has extensive growth and a global community. Furthermore, an online questionnaire is administered to investigate how this platform can impact Moroccan customers' purchasing decisions to meet their demands after the pandemic of covid-19. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/283 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 1-14 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/283/pdf_158 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/522 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

The Effects of Supply Chain Management Practices on Customer Satisfaction: A Case of Brewery Manufacturing Companies in Tanzania Nyange, Eunice Frank; College of Business Education Kabelele, Deus Paul; College of Business Education Supply Chain Management; Marketing Management strategic supplier partnership, customer relationship management, information sharing, customer satisfaction M11 In the context of East Africa's competitive landscape, particularly in Tanzania's brewery manufacturing sector, effective supply chain management (SCM) practices are essential for enhancing customer satisfaction. This study investigates the impact of three key SCM practices, strategic supplier partnerships (SSP), customer relationship management (CRM), and information sharing (IS) on customer satisfaction. Employing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 106 employees of Tanzania Breweries Limited through questionnaires and interviews. The results indicate that CRM is the most significant predictor of customer satisfaction, highlighting the necessity of personalized customer interactions and efficient service delivery. Furthermore, both SSP and IS demonstrate considerable positive impacts on customer satisfaction, with effective collaboration with suppliers and timely information exchange contributing to enhanced operational efficiency. Consequently, the study emphasizes the need for breweries to prioritize CRM, foster strategic supplier partnerships, and improve information sharing to meet customer expectations. These insights not only contribute to the theoretical framework of SCM but also offer practical implications for industry practitioners and policymakers aiming to strengthen the manufacturing sector's competitiveness in Tanzania. The study concludes that adopting these SCM practices can significantly improve customer satisfaction, thereby driving loyalty and long-term success in the marketplace. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion mixed research design application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/522 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 173-182 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/522/pdf_281 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/210 2021-06-14T07:47:37Z jital:ART

Space Tourism Activities Overview of International Law Ayu Dewily, Ratih Dara; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Michael, Tomy; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Law Space Tourism Activities; International Law; National Law International Law Space tourism activity is one example of commercialization activity in space.  currently this activity is still in a development session which is better for the future. Thus, the description of space tourism activities is a matter that deserves to be known from history to all of its details and seen from the growth and difficulty in increasing space tourism activities, of course it must be supported by laws or regulations governing space. Not only that, so far there have been space tourists as well as potential space tourists who have departed for this tourism activity.  Thus, this space tourism activity is intended to be an activity that can be tried on a regular basis in the future, so that international and national legal arrangements must be well organized, fair and responsible and with regard to the rapid growth of this activity, it’s appropriate for those who participating or having an interest in this activity must be more open in the growth of the activities they are carrying out, so that steps can be taken quickly, it seems like for example, to quickly formulate and ratify a space agreement related to space tourism, protection of parties who participate in activities it's kind of like the private industry. The research objectives, namely Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Normative legal research is legal research that places law as a norm system building application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/210 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): June; 8-12 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/210/pdf_115 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/88 2018-06-21T04:45:06Z jital:ART

Liquidity and Profitability Analysis in the Palestinian Banking Sector Zaineldeen, Mohammed Liquidity, Profitability, The Palestinian banking sector Banking and finance This study aims to examine the relation between liquidity and profitability in the Palestinian banking sector to contribute to the development of the financial sector. The relation between liquidity and profitability between the years 2010-2016 was examined by using normal distribution test, ANOVA, T test and F test. Regression was performed with SPSS 24.0 program. As a result, there is the existence of a positive and meaningful relation between return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) and monetary liquidity ratio, there is a negative and significant relation between return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) and loan to deposit ratio (LTD).  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-05-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/88 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 1 (2018): June; 44-53 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/88/pdf_47 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/714 2026-06-06T06:36:22Z jital:ART

The Relation between Brand Image, Brand Loyalty and Slow Fashion Katırcıoğlu, Abide; İstanbul Commerce University Yıldırım, Figen Marketing; Brand Management; Consumer Behavior; Fashion Marketing; Slow Fashion Brand image, brand loyalty, slow fashion, sustainability, fashion industry Marketing In highly competitive markets, brands expose consumers to a wide range of stimuli to be one step ahead of their competitors. Companies aim to create a brand image by using various symbolic, distinctive cues to differentiate themselves from competitors. At the same time, growing environmental concerns have led to the emergence of slow fashion as an alternative to the fast fashion business model, emphasizing sustainability within the fashion industry. This study aims to examine the effect of brand image on brand loyalty and to investigate the role of slow fashion consumer orientation in this relationship. A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected from 405 consumers in Turkey. A structural model was tested using structural equation modeling. The findings reveal that brand image has a significant and positive effect on both brand loyalty and slow fashion orientation. The results further indicate that the only conscious consumption dimension of slow fashion orientation has a significant and positive effect whereas the localism and exclusivity dimensions do not show significant effect on brand loyalty. Moreover, mediation analysis demonstrates that conscious consumption plays a mediating role in the relationship between brand image and brand loyalty, whereas no mediating effects are found for localism and exclusivity. This study contributes to the literature by empirically integrating brand image, slow fashion consumer orientation, and brand loyalty within a single structural model, thereby extending existing research beyond purchase intention to loyalty-based behavioral outcomes. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative research; survey-based study; structural equation modeling (SEM) application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/714 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 126-143 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/714/pdf_385 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/370 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

The Effect of Intercultural Interaction on the Glocalization of Döner Kebab Dilek Bozkurt, Arzan Arslan, İsmet Kahraman Marketing; Consumer Behaviour Glocalization, Globalization, Local Food, Döner Kebab, Fast Food Glocalization; Cultural Behaviour Intercultural communication has grown in significance as a result of globalization. By influencing the cultural diversity of goods and services globally, this process has helped to recognize and spread local cultures on a global scale. In this context, glocalization is an example of cross-cultural interaction involving a global product like döner kebab. The döner kebab is a well-known fast-food item that is consumed in various local adaptations in every country, reflecting the rich diversity of cultural traditions and culinary preferences. In addition to emphasizing the subjective experiences, such as taste, smell, and tactile sensations that shape our worldviews from a phenomenological perspective, this article highlights the entry of döner kebab into the process of glocalization through cross-cultural interaction. Therefore, we can better comprehend the intricate interaction between global and local cultures by looking at the sensory experiences of döner kebab during the glocalization process. The case analysis method demonstrates how döner kebab consumption varies by nation and how adaptation affects local culture. The success of döner kebab's glocalization through cross-cultural interaction exemplifies how cultural differences and new culinary traditions are created. An essential framework for comprehending sensory experiences during the consumption and adaptation of döner kebab is provided by phenomenology and case analysis. By highlighting the significance of considering consumers' subjective experiences and the sensory aspects of food in forming global food culture, this approach is helpful in understanding the complex interactions of globalization in the food industry. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Case study; narrative analysis application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/370 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 261-277 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/370/pdf_206 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/370/86 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/454 2024-05-24T14:09:49Z jital:ART

Ratio Legis Dispute Resolution Results of Village Head Based on Law Number 6 of 2014 Concerning Villages Irnawati, Irnawati; University of Brawijaya Sudarsono, Sudarsono; University of Brawijaya Negara, Tunggul Anshari Setia; University of Brawijaya Suryokumoro, Herman; University of Brawijaya Administrative a Law and Constitutional Law Ratio Legis, Results Dispute, Village Head Law A village is a unitary area inhabited by several families who have their own government system. The village is specifically managed and run by the village government, namely a Village Head. The Village Head Election Process is direct, free, confidential, honest, and fair. The process of implementing the Pilkades that has been completed, sometimes there are disputes over the results of the counting of votes for the Village Head election. The settlement of Pilkades disputes is carried out by the Regent or Mayor as stipulated in Article 37 paragraph (6) of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. In this paper, explained related to investigate the legislative ratio dispute resolution result of village head. This research uses normative legal research. Ratio Legis arrangement of Dispute Resolution Results of Village Heads Based on Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages provides answers so that dispute resolution does not only look at rechtmatigheid but doelmatigheid and reduce the accumulation of cases in the State Administrative Court. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law University of Brawijaya, Indonesia 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion This research uses normative legal research. Research approaches used in this study include conceptual approach, statutory approach, and philosophy approach. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/454 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 92-99 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/454/pdf_249 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/153 2020-06-02T13:49:20Z jital:ART

Fair-Trade Certification Impacts on Social Responsibility and Ethics of Smallholder Coffee Producers in Ethiopia Demissie, Wondaferahu Mulugeta; Jimma University Whakeshum, Sisay Tolla Bulga, Fikadu Gutu Fair-Trade Certification, Coffee, Social Responsibility, Ethiopia In Ethiopia, more than one third of foreign exchange is attributed to coffee product and the production process engages almost one fourth of the working population of the country. Small-scale coffee farmers producing for fair-trade market outlets are frequently considered to benefit from better prices and stable market outlets. Yet, some empirical studies are verifying this notion adversely. Therefore, this study tried to assess the impact of fair-trade certification on social responsibility and ethics of small-scale coffee farmers using both descriptive and econometrics techniques for the selected 383 respondents in Jimma zone of Ethiopia. The study investigated that the introduction of fair-trade certification among small-scale coffee producers matters the inquiry of social responsibility and development significantly. Logistic regression result indicates that, the coefficient for the variable fair-trade membership status is 3.412. This result implies that for every one-unit increase in fair-trade membership status, we expect 3.412 increase in the log-odds of the dependent variable employment creation. Also, the coefficient for the variable fair-trade membership status is 1.319. This shows that for every one-unit increase in fair trade membership, we expect a 1.319 increase in the log-odds of the dependent variable. Also, education level and family size affect child school enrollment significantly and positively. However, the coverage and development of fair-trade certification in the study area was very low. Therefore, extension of fair-trade certification should be well thought-out as one of sustainable development riding instruments among policy makers. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/153 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 46-51 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/153/pdf_82 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/39 2016-06-28T16:33:14Z jital:ART

Effects of Charter Party Arbitration Clauses Under the New Turkish Commercial Code Light, Didem Algantürk; Istanbul Commerce University Faculty of Law Charter Party Arbitration Clauses, Turkish Commercial Code The New Turkish Commercial Code has became effective on 1 July 2012. The new Code covers bareboat charterparty, time charterparty, voyage charterparty and contracts of carriage by sea which is defined in general terms. On the other hand, Turkey is the one of the conracting State of Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (New York Convention, 1958) as well as European Convention on International Commercial Arbitration, 1961. In this study, we will examine the effects of the charter party arbitration clauses under the new Turkish Commercial Code and discuss the characteristics of the clauses to be valid under Turkish Law. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2016-06-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/39 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 2, Issue 1 (2016): June; 21-26 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/39/pdf_13 Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/539 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Examining the Impact of Staff Competence on Procurement Contract Performance at Dodoma City Council Nyalusi, Devotha Vitaris Sama, Hamis Staff Competence, Procurement Performance, Dodoma City Council This study examines the impact of staff competence on procurement contract performance at Dodoma City Council. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 135 respondents, while qualitative insights were obtained from interviews with key informants. The findings reveal that a well-educated and experienced workforce significantly contributes to enhanced procurement outcomes, with over 55% of respondents holding bachelor’s degrees and a majority possessing 6 to 10 years of experience. The analysis indicates a strong positive correlation between staff competence and procurement contract performance, evidenced by a regression coefficient of 0.65 (p < 0.001). Qualitative data further support these results, highlighting that knowledgeable staff navigate procurement processes more effectively, resulting in fewer disputes and delays. The study emphasizes the necessity for continuous professional development and training programs to maintain staff competence. Recommendations include implementing robust training initiatives and fostering a supportive management culture to optimize procurement practices. Overall, this research underscores the essential role of staff competence in public procurement, suggesting that enhancing staff capabilities can lead to improved contract performance. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion This study adopted a pragmatic research philosophy, as outlined by Creswell (2013), which allows for the use of mixed methods to address complex research questions effectively. Pragmatism enables researchers to select methods that align with their objecti application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/539 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 1-9 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/539/pdf_292 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/228 2021-06-14T07:47:37Z jital:ART

Cross-border E-commerce in China Askar, Gulnigar; İstanbul Commerce University Cross-border E-commerce, Trade, The Belt and Road Initiative The Internet has built an economical and efficient communication "bridge" between buyers and sellers all around the world. With the rise of supporting technologies such as secure payment, order tracking, and customer service, the global e-commerce market has grown exponentially.As the leader of this growth trend, the scale of China's cross-border e-commerce market has shown an exponential growth trend. This is mainly due to two points: 1) the sudden release of cross-border consumer demand; 2) the relatively loose market regulatory environment. The development of online websites, social media, and logistics technology has also played a key role in promoting the development of cross-border e-commerce. Subsequently, the Chinese government further encouraged the development of cross-border e-commerce through measures such as building free trade zones and promoting the “The Belt and Road Initiative”. Companies such as Amazon and Tmall made full use of relevant policies to gradually gain a space in the free trade zone. The express delivery companies and third-party logistics companies occupying a strategically dominant position in the region have also started gearing up and trying to benefit from the growing trade activities along with the “The Belt and Road Initiative”.   Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Gulnigar Askar, İstanbul Commerce University, Department of International Commerce 2021-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/228 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): June; 113-117 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/228/pdf_126 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/228/44 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/94 2018-12-20T10:32:36Z jital:ART

Security Alternatives of Sea Waybill and Straight Bill of Lading Ziakas, Vasileios Sea waybill, equitable pledge, NODISP, straight bill of lading Apart from the traditional bill of lading, numerous shipping documents have emerged relatively recently trying to offer a satisfactory solution to the bill’s crisis. Among them, sea waybills are very commonly used in contemporary transport operations, especially when bills of lading are not suitable and useful. In front of this development, many inquiries seem to arise, to which this article seeks to answer. In other words, the aim of this article is to analyse whether the sea waybill can provide security to lenders, such as banks, and to what extent. Answering to that question, the next inquiry is whether the straight bill of lading is tantamount to sea waybill or the traditional bill of lading, whatever this means regarding the legal implications, including, of course, the level of the furnished security. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-12-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/94 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 2 (2018): December; 13-18 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/94/pdf_58 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/736 2026-06-06T06:36:23Z jital:ART

The Impact of Job Security on Employee Commitment and the Moderator Role of Courage Saylık, Kaan Batuhan; Antalya Bilim University Mert, İbrahim Sani; Antalya Bilim University Multidisciplinary Courage, Employee commitment, Moderating effect, Job security In an increasingly uncertain and volatile business environment, employees’ perceptions of job security have become a critical factor influencing organizational outcomes. This study examines the impact of employees’ job security perceptions on their organizational commitment and investigates the moderating role of courage in this relationship. Job security is widely recognized as a fundamental component of sustainable organizational performance within contemporary management approaches. The study employs a relational survey model and was conducted with 300 employees working in five-star hotel enterprises operating in Antalya’s tourism sector. Data collected through field research were analyzed using correlation, regression, and moderation analyses to examine the relationships among the variables. The findings reveal that employees’ perceptions of job security have a statistically significant and strong positive effect on organizational commitment. Moreover, courage was found to play a significant moderating role in this relationship. Specifically, employees with higher levels of courage are more capable of translating their perceptions of job security into stronger organizational commitment. In terms of demographic variables, the results indicate that male employees demonstrate higher levels of organizational commitment than female employees, while blue-collar employees report higher job security perceptions than white-collar employees. Overall, the findings suggest that providing legal and financial job security alone is insufficient for modern organizations. Developing an organizational culture that encourages proactive and courageous employee behaviors is equally essential for strengthening organizational commitment. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law None 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/736 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 271-286 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/736/pdf_397 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/387 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

Accountability and Transparency Procurement Principles in Good Governance and Human Rights Perspectives in Mainland Tanzania Khartoum, Moh'd Masoud; University of Dodoma. Law Accountability, transparency, procurement, good governance, human rights Accountability and Transparency procurement principles in relation to good governance and human rights. Accountability and transparency procurement principles have played a significant role in establishing good governance in any procurement regime. These principles also safeguard the protection of human rights under human rights principles. These principles if well utilized and implemented, also encourage compliance with human rights norms. In the Tanzanian procurement regime, accountability and transparency procurement principles are also covered under procurement statutory rules. The covered principles are also articulated under regional and international procurement rules to which Tanzania is a party to them. Accountability as a principle is a form of liability that introduces to whom and for what and what is accountable in procurement undertakings. The transparency principle, on the other hand, its essence is to show openness during in entire procurement process. The liability created by the accountability principle and openness in the entire procurement process by authorities, in general, promote good governance and enhance compliance with human rights norms in procurement regimes. Compliance with accountability and transparency procurement principles also improves public confidence in government performance. Absolute compliance with these procurement principles in the procurement regimes ensures taxpayers’ resources utilization trust. In particular, accountability and transparency procurement principles have a close link with good governance and human rights. The two procurement principles are inseparable. The author of this article believes that there is a close link between accountability and transparency procurement principles with good governance and human rights. As earlier noted, it is strongly believed that good governance and human rights play a significant role in enhancing implementation and compliance to procurement principles in public procurement. Further discusses in this paper that despite Tanzania to belief in various human rights principles as articulated by human rights norms, and also belief in human good governance as enshrined under the national Constitution, the current procurement system lacks a constitutional base, and procurement principles under discussion are only recognized under enabling Acts of the Parliament. This article makes emphasis that, there is a need for the current procurement system to be constitutionalized so that public entities conduct procurement based on the procurement principles named above in order to ensure that human rights and good governance goals are full achieved by public entities, without which value for money will never be accomplished in Mainland Tanzania. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Qualitative Method application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/387 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 58-64 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/387/pdf_217 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/489 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

Understanding the Cognitive Dissonance on Women Post-Purchase Behavior Mert, İbrahim Sani Glai, Rihab Şen, Cem Cognitive dissonance, women, consumer behavior, post-purchase, impulse buying, and purchase decision Consumer behavior study has become relevant in the present marketing and sociology studies. Several characteristics, specificities, and factors influence the customer, especially the woman in her decision-making process, preferences, buying behavior, the products she buys, and the stores or retailers where she goes. In addition, the cognitive dissonance theory is mostly used to explain consumer behavior, focusing on the dilemmas faced during various stages of purchasing behavior. Hence, the study aims to investigate the state of cognitive dissonance after a buying decision was made for Tunisian women. Specifically, it provides an overview of the decision-making patterns of women and the stage of their reaction after the buying process according to their psychographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral characteristics. For this research, a quantitative survey was used as a method to collect primary data in Tunisia from 402 women. This questionnaire was conducted among the women who had recently purchased a luxury apparel product. A multidimensional scale was used to measure the magnitude of dissonance for females, besides two other constructs were additionally added which are the impulsive buying and the purchasing decision involvement. The results show that there is no significant difference in the levels of cognitive dissonance due to demographic factors such as age, marital status, and employee status for all women, while it had a positive bearing on emotional dissonance amongst all women. There is also no significant effect for the impulse buying and the purchase decision on post-purchase dissonance. The findings of this research indicate that most of the women were satisfied with their last purchases and therefore, the level of cognitive dissonance is low. Hence, one key aim of this research is to demonstrate the harmony within cognitive and behavioral systems that can be adjudged as a part of the human condition. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/489 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 245-272 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/489/pdf_260 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/158 2020-06-02T13:49:21Z jital:ART

Effects of COVID-19 on China and the World Economy: Birth Pains of the Post-Digital Ecosystem Xiarewana, Baikeli; İstanbul Commerce University Civelek, Mustafa Emre; İstanbul Commerce University Global Pandemic, Digital Economy, Post-Digital Ecosystem, COVID-19 Especially with the emergence of the digital economy in the last two decades, unprecedented changes in technology have come to the fore. Technology-induced unemployment has spread all over the world because developments in digitalization and automation reduced the need for human in all business lines. Digital economy has also shown its effects as changes in the lifestyles. Therefore, it called new ecosocial system. However, beyond the new ecosocial system, humanity awaits a new system as post-digital ecosystem. Most probably this transition would occur in an agonizing way. In the post-digital ecosystem, production methods are changing radically, and thus, due to the recent advancements in artificial intelligence technology, machines increasingly take over the jobs of humans. The steady upward trend in unemployment has made economic inequality a chronic problem in the society. The pandemic has the role of a catalyst that accelerates the emergence of the destructive effects of digital economy and augments these effects. After the pandemic, the post-digital ecosystem will rise from the ruins of the collapsing capitalist system. The purpose of this article is to attract attention to the future economic problems within the context of the pandemic. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/158 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 147-157 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/158/pdf_93 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/50 2017-06-10T08:33:36Z jital:ART

Service Quality Measurement Model in Urban Public Transportation: The Case of IETT Kaynarca, Özüm Asya; Istanbul Commerce University Ekmekçi, İsmail; Istanbul Commerce University EN 13816, Service Quality, Service Quality Measurement Model, Public Transportation, Transportation IETT, which manages land public transportation of Istanbul, serves to the customers in a broad area. So, measurement and assessment of its services is vital for urban transportation and life quality in Istanbul. For such reasons, it is necessary to evaluate its performance, determine level of quality and find areas for improvement. For such purposes, Service Quality Measurement Model (SQMM) is established and implemented by IETT in 2012. SQMM defines service quality and its boundaries, and determines methods to measure service quality at every contact point with customers according to eight main categories, which are availability, accessibility, information, time, customer care, comfort, security, and environmental impact, of EN 13816 Standard. EN 13816 Standard is based on service quality loop and evaluation of services from customer and operator perspective. All contact points are inspected implicitly and explicitly according to EN 13816 Standard. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied to assign weights of main criteria in each contact point and weights of each contact point with respect to total score. In this study, scope, criteria and methodology of SQMM, audit mechanism produced as an outcome of the model, and gains are put forward in this study. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2017-06-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/50 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 1 (2017): June; 1-10 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/50/pdf_25 Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/680 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

Effective Use of Digital Marketing in the Mental Health Industry Muhammad, Arzoo; Antalya bilim university Mert, İbrahim Sani Digital Marketing, Mental Health, Social Media The study explores the usefulness of digital marketing strategies (DMS) in promoting the awareness of mental health in Asia as it investigates relationships between DMS, ethics, feedback processes, target audiences, and marketing aims. Quantitative approach was adopted and 200 professionals working in the mental health sector in Asia were surveyed. The proposed model was tested in terms of SPSS and SmartPLS. The results indicated positive correlations between DMS and marketing goals, target audience and ethics, and target audience and marketing goals. Ethics, however, did not produce any significant influence in the feedback mechanisms. The results indicate that successful mental health marketing is based on proper targeting of audience and a need to use culturally suitable language. The research leads to the literature on marketing in digital health by providing a vision on the ethical and strategic opportunities of mental health organizations to magnify their reach in sensitive and diversified environments. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/680 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 269-279 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/680/pdf_363 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/331 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

The Right to Regulate in Natural Wealth and Resources in Tanzania: Challenges and Prospects Kitonka, Naufal; University of Dodoma Temba, Ferdinand Marcel; Sokoine University of Agriculture, Trade and Investment Right to Regulate, Natural Wealth and Resources, Tanzania, Challenge, Prospects Right to Regulate This article examines the right to regulate in Tanzania amidst legal reforms in natural wealth and resources done in 2017. The right to regulate seeks to balance investor’s economic interests in investment protection with host states’ interests in pursuing public policy objectives such as environmental protection and human rights (distributive justice). Achieving this delicate balance, however, is quite tricky. While these legal reforms elevated the right to regulate to new lights, they equally exposed Tanzania to new investment arbitration claims. This article has reviewed related literature, statutes and case laws and observed that regulatory measures taken in pursuance of these reforms may be at odds with investment treaty standards and commitments entered by Tanzania in investment treaties. This is especially so given the fact that majority of investment treaties entered by Tanzania do not contain provisions recognizing or implicating right of states to regulate. It is, therefore, recommended that Tanzania should review investment treaties so that they also reflect right of states to regulate. By complementing efforts done under domestic investment laws, this will help to safeguard the right of state to regulate. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law University of Dodoma 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Qualitative and doctrinal legal research application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/331 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 61-71 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/331/pdf_185 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/574 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

The Nature and Urgency of the Omnibus Method Regulation in Law Number 13 Of 2022 Nurfransiska, Ferika; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Warka, Made; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Hadi, Syofyan; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law omnibus method, justice, regulation law The omnibus concept is intended to offer a solution to problems caused by too many regulations (over regulation) and frequent overlapping between regulations (overlapping). Both of these problems are not easy to solve in the usual way, because it will take a long time and a lot of money. In order to overcome these problems, the omnibus method is considered one of the responsive and progressive methods in solving the problems of over regulation and overlapping in Indonesia. The implementation of this research applies normative legal methods. There are several factors that cause too many regulations to be born in our country. First, many people think that every legal problem can be resolved by forming a regulation. Second, every examiner in carrying out their duties and functions always questions the existence or absence of regulations that serve as a legal umbrella or as a basis. Third, in determining the budget, the Ministry of Finance also often passes or does not pass the budget of ministries/institutions based on the existence or absence of regulations as a legal umbrella. The nature and urgency of the omnibus method regulation in Law 13 of 2022 concerning the Second Amendment to Law 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislation (PPP Law), when viewed with Aristotle's approach that the essence of law exists because of causality, the omnibus method regulation in the PPP Law is more inclined to be caused by the existence of a goal (causa finalis). Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The implementation of this research applies normative legal methods application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/574 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 196-200 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/574/pdf_307 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/266 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

Relevance of African Socio-Cultural Values in Curbing Corruption in Public Procurement Sama, Hamisi Kileo; College of Business Education Logistics; Law African Socio-Cultural Values, Corruption, Public Procurement Procurement  The paper aims at determine the relevance of African socio cultural values in curbing corruption in public procurement. The hypotheses tested in this study were adopted from review of literature in a cross sectional study. Confirmatory Factor analysis was used to confirm, reduce and simplify data, in regression models and test the existence of well-defined dimensions of African socio-cultural values in curbing corruption in public procurement. The empirical findings indicate that of the three variables which are social values, cultural value and self efficacy are significant factors in influencing transparency, accountability and ethical compliances in curbing corruption in public procurement. The implication of the findings indicate that for curbing corruption in public procurement to be improved, focus needs to be placed on inclusion of socio cultural values in public procurement reforms.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion cross-sectional survey design and quantitative approach application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/266 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 37-47 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/266/pdf_141 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/123 2019-12-11T10:23:45Z jital:ART

Factors Affecting Export Performance in the Context of Strategic Management: Proposal of a Theoretical Model Kalaycıoğlu, Ozan; Türk Eximbank Keskin, Halit Export Performance, Resource Based View, Firm Capabilities, Competitive Strategies Exporting attracts attention as an international sales activity, which has been studied by the country’s economic managements, firm managers and academic researchers as it reduces the current deficit by providing foreign exchange inflow in economy and has positive effects on the profitability indicators at the firm level. Though there are many studies on the factors that affect export performance of firms, in the literature, most of the studies are not theoretical. For firms, export activity is the most common strategic option to access to the international markets. Considering the export activity from the strategic management perspective provides a high prediction in terms of understanding the factors that affect export performance. In this study, the factors that affect export activity of the firms are examined from the strategic management perspective within the scope of the theoretical approaches presented in the literature. In this regard, the effects of competitive strategies within the scope of the industrial organization theory, and of firm resources and capabilities within the scope of the resource-based view on export performance are discussed, and a theoretical model has been presented. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2019-12-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/123 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 5, Issue 2 (2019): December; 31-40 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/123/pdf_74 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/123/18 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/427 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

Impact of Social Media Storytelling on Moroccan Consumer Behavior Nahi, Haitham Develi, Evrim İldem Social media marketing, storytelling marketing, consumer behavior, purchase intention This article explores the impact of social media storytelling on the behavioral patterns of Moroccan consumers, through four key hypotheses related to purchase intention and its drivers. This study makes the claim that social media storytelling, emotional appeal, usage frequency and alignment with normative beliefs jointly impact the purchase intention of Moroccan consumers. A representative sample of 300 Moroccan participants was given the opportunity to fill out a survey comprising 20 questions. After that, a thorough analysis using SPSS software was conducted on the obtained dataset. The empirical findings show strong evidence of the influence that social media storytelling has on Moroccan consumer behavior, validating all four assumptions. In summary, this study underscores the critical function of social media storytelling in shaping Moroccan consumers’ decision-making, notably in purchases. The findings hold practical relevance for marketers seeking to influence Moroccan consumer behavior and can help them improve their strategies in the Moroccan market. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/427 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 236-251 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/427/pdf_233 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/622 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

How Startups were Affected by the Covid-19 Outbreak? Mediating Role of the Perception of Environmental Uncertainties of Impact Analysis on Intellectual Capital and Core Competencies Elbaşı, İbrahim Halid Yıldırım, Figen; Istinye University Management and Organization Intellectual capital, core competencies, perceived environmental uncertainty, startup, Covid-19 Strategic Management The point where intellectual capital turns into value and gains meaning and quality in the real world is expressed as core competencies, because the concept of core competencies is described as the area where the organization emphasizes its unique features or products in order to provide sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore, it is stated that intellectual capital affects core competencies and this approach is necessary for the motive of survival and competitive advantage of startups. In the relation between the two concepts, the mediating effect of environmental conditions and the perception of environmental uncertainty is quite determinant, especially under the pandemic (Covid-19) conditions. Modeling the relationship except perception of environmental uncertainty regarding to the situation may prevent accurate generalizations. Based on the literature and similar empirical researches in this field, this study discusses the impact analysis between intellectual capital and core competencies within the mediating role of the perception of environmental uncertainty. Impact analysis and mediation role were analyzed using the structural equation model and an online questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument. The Covid-19 global pandemic which took place while the study was in progress, did not allow to face-to-face questionnaire method during the data collection process of the study as a result of the pandemic affecting the whole world and people being quarantined at home. The sample of the research is entrepreneurs working in startups. Online surveys were sent to 2.762 entrepreneurs from 6.614 startups, which constitute the universe of the research, and data from 245 participants were included in the analysis of the research. In the data analysis of this research SPSS and LISREL software programs were preferred, and hypotheses created referring to hypothetical and empirical studies were tested with the structural equation model technique. As a result of the study, it was determined that the perception of environmental uncertainty has a mediating role in the impact analysis on intellectual capital and core competencies of startups. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Hayes Process Macro application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/622 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 409-422 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/622/pdf_328 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/514 2024-11-28T14:25:22Z jital:ART

The Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Stock Returns Bouziri, Mohamed Rached stock index, GDP, regression This study focuses on analyzing the effects of independent variables on two different stock markets, namely France and Turkey. To investigate these effects, a number of independent factors, including interest rates, inflation, exchange rate and GDP growth were analyzed. The study was carried out over a 21-year period, from January 2003 to December 2023, using quarterly data. The impact of the macroeconomic variables and the causal relationship between both countries are studied using methods such as the Unit Root test, Co-integration test, Heteroskedacity test, Autocorrelation test, Correlation, and Regression. The results show a significant positive relationship between GDP growth and stock index in both markets, as well as a positive relationship between exchange rate and stock returns. However, the difference occurs in the other independent variables, for inflation rate the impact is positive in Turkish market and is statistically insignificant in French case. Interest rate affects French market negatively and was found insignificant in Turkish case. These findings provide valuable insights for investors in understanding the drivers of stock market performance. Further research is needed to explore additional factors influencing stock returns.supervisor :RECEP BILDIK Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law supervisor :RECEP BILDIK 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/514 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 114-124 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/514/pdf_276 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/207 2020-12-21T15:30:14Z jital:ART

The Impact of Zero Moment of Truth (Zmot) on Smartphone Buying Decision Biçer, Furkan; Bahcesehir University Consumer Buying Process; Zero Moment of Truth; Stimulus With the advent of the Internet, consumer buying process has changed dramatically. Consumer’s buying habits are influenced by digital medium to a large extent. Online peer reviews, which are also known as Zero Moment of Truth (ZMoT) play a significant role in deciding whether to buy or not buy from a particular brand. This study investigates the consumer buying decision process in smartphone purchase decision. Triggered by stimulus, ZMoT and the subsequent stages are analyzed to find out relative importance of each stage in consumer buying decision in now always-connected digitized world. The survey was conducted against 241 Turkish smartphone owners residing in Istanbul, who have made a purchase in the last six months. An analysis is made to assess the relative importance of each stage in the buying process according to different demographic factors. The results indicate the key role of ZMoT among all stages in consumer buying process. The results also demonstrate ZMoT is more influential in some of the demographic factors. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/207 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 2 (2020): December; 153-167 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/207/pdf_108 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/73 2018-01-16T04:42:58Z jital:ART

Transportation of Dangerous Goods: Turkey Model Şencan, Murat; Alışan Lojistik, Ar-Ge Merkezi Müdürü Yavuz, Haki; Alışan Lojistik, Ar-Ge Merkezi, Ar-Ge Uzmanı Logistics, Transportation, Dangerous Goods Transportation  The shortcomings in the implementation of hazardous substances transport in the world and in our country lead to very serious hazards. These problems lead to life, property and very serious environmental disasters. This is not only a matter of transportation, but also of the chemistry, textile and fuel industries. This study provides information on the legislation on dangerous goods transport in Turkey. It also contains technical information on hazardous substances, following the search of the relevant literature for the province of hazardous goods.    Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-01-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/73 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 2 (2017): December; 65-74 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/73/pdf_42 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/705 2026-06-06T06:36:22Z jital:ART

The Role of Delivery Reliability on Port Supply Chain Performance at Zanzibar Port Corporation Migoda, Mwagori Harona; College of Business MWALUKASA, Boniface E; College of Business Education Management and Procurement and Supply Chain Management Government Policy, performance ,operational efficiency JEL Classication Delivery reliability is one of the determinants that influence the port supply chain performance; however, a lot of developing ports are lagging behind in terms of operational scale due to the insufficiencies in managing business, which leads to the weakening of competitiveness. Zanzibar Port Corporation, which controls over 95% of the island’s trade, is no stranger to problems with meeting the requisite schedules of cargo delivery, such as delays, unpredictable lead times, negatively impact the entire port supply chain performance. Based on the SCOR model and the RBV theory, this study investigated the impact of delivery reliability on port supply chain performance. It This accounted for most of the important objects of delivery reliability as: delivery on-time, tracking efficiency and order accuracy. A descriptive study design was utilized to conduct the study; a structured questionnaire was distributed to 74 port stakeholders who were randomly selected. The data was analyzed using regression and descriptive statistics. It also revealed that, on-time delivery and tracking efficiency positively influences port supply chain performance.  but and order accuracy have to be improved. The model possesses a high explanatory power (Ral2 = 0.973), that is the dimensions of delivery reliability can explain the most part of the variance of performance. This research indicates that ZPC has effective systems and procedures in place, targeted improvements to monitoring mechanisms, predictive scheduling, and consistency in OP processes could increase reliability and customer satisfaction. The implications of the findings are important for port managers and policy makers as they indicate that upgrading of internal processes and digital infrastructure within the context of the Zanzibar Economy could improve the performance of the supply chain and contribute to sustainable growth of regional trade. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law my selve 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative Approach and qualitative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/705 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 78-91 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/705/pdf_380 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/705/153 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/705/154 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/705/155 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/705/156 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/705/157 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/362 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

An Examination on Evolution of Accountability and Transparency Procurement Principles in Mainland Tanzania Khartoum, Moh'd Masoud; University of Dodoma. Law Evolution, Procurement, Procurement principles, Accountability, and Transparency. Procurement Law Like in other African countries, the government of the United Republic of Tanzania has engaged and conducted a good number of procurement reforms. This has been carried out by the government since it attained its independence in 1961. It was an expectation of the public that all reforms that have taken place mainly aimed at ensuring that procurement system become robust and promising. This is because, in its day-to-day business, the government relies entirely on public purchasing in getting various commodities from bidders, both local and internationally. It is unfortunate, however, in all procurement reforms that have carried out by the government, with exception of 2016 procurement reforms, accountability and transparency procurement principles evolution was not given a deserving priority it deserved. Obviously, the 1977 Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, and all other previous Constitutions contained a provision relating to financial matters, yet it is unluckily that as of today, the same 1977 Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania has not a single provision emphasizing or rather indicating on accountability and transparency procurement principles. This evidences clearly that procurement reforms seem to be not fruitful since accountability and transparency procurement principles evolution has slowly emerged and in previous procurement reforms, this was in fact, given little and less attention on various occasions when public procurement laws were reformed. In all procurement reforms, until 2016 procurement reforms that the government did, accountability and transparency procurement principles did not feature in any statute in Mainland Tanzania.      Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Qualitative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/362 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 216-221 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/362/pdf_201 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/446 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

Child Care for Parents Works in Human Rights Ajizi, Cindy Audiya; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Afifah, Wiwik Law Child care, parents, work, caregiving Human right Child care places in Indonesia are very much needed for working parents. The availability of child care places is a form of the state's obligation to fulfill the rights of its citizens. The absence of regulations regarding child care for working parents is one of the problems that can hinder both working parents and children's growth and development. This research uses normative juridical and empirical juridical research methods which use a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a legal sociology approach. Human Rights are based on universal principles such as dignity, equality, freedom and justice. Human Rights aims to protect and respect the basic rights of every individual without regard to race, religion, sex, color, language, political opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, or other status. This is considered a right inherent in humans from birth and cannot be taken away. The same is true with the right to obtain care for children and also the right to obtain work for parents. These two rights are in conflict because there is no means to fulfill the necessary rights for children and parents. To exercise these rights, the state is obliged to provide child care which is the answer to obstacles that arise in the household and work sectors. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion normative juridical and empirical juridical research methods application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/446 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 52-57 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/446/pdf_244 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/126 2019-12-11T10:23:45Z jital:ART

An Application of TOPSIS Method for Financial Decision Making Process : A Research on Real Estate Investment Trusts Listed in Borsa Istanbul Özyeşil, Mustafa; İSTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY Borsa İstanbul, TOPSIS Method, Financial Ratios, Decision Making, Portfolio Management, REITs Managerial decision-making involves a difficult and complex process. Since executives shape the future of the company by making strategic decisions, it is vital that the decisions taken are accurate and efficient in terms of sustainability in the long term. Many managerial decision-making methods have been developed for companies to make the most accurate selection under multiple parameters and alternatives. In this study, the TOPSIS method, which is one of these methods, will examine how investors will choose the most reasonable one for investment from multiple companies. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2019-12-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/126 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 5, Issue 2 (2019): December; 70-80 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/126/pdf_77 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/26 2015-12-17T07:24:06Z jital:ART

The Mediator Role of Logistic Performance Index : A Comparative Study d'Aleo, Vittorio; Università Degli Studi di Messina Logistic; LPI; GDP; Growth; Mediator Effect Logistics sector is recognized as one of most important element of an advanced economies. Many studies tried to understand the relationship among the logistic sector and the prosperity of a country. We start to understand what is the meaning in the academic literature of logistic so as to better understand the Logistic Performance Index (LPI), published by the World Bank in 2007, 2010, 2012, 2014. This research through the use of explanatory linear regression model was aimed to analyze the mediator role of Logistic Performance Index (LPI) on the relation between the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from 2007 to 2014 in Europe (EU 28). Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2015-12-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/26 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 1, Issue 1 (2015): June; 1-7 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/26/pdf Copyright (c) 2015 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/652 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

Prohibition of LGBT Practices in the Environment of the Indonesian National Army Institution from the Perspective of Legal Certainty Mahedjajanta, Zwastika; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Suhartono, Slamet; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Mangesti, Yovita Arie; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Michael, Tomy; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law Army; LGBT; legal certainty law The special task of protecting, maintaining and upholding the sovereignty in country from interference to other countries is carried out by the state security unit called the armed forces, which has now been changed to the Indonesian National Army (TNI). TNI sovereignty security unit has powers that include the land dimension under authority of the Indonesian Army (TNI-AD), the air dimension under Indonesian Air Force (TNI-AU), and the sea dimension under Indonesian Navy (TNI-AL). This research is a normative legal research. he prohibition on LGBT practices based on the TNI Commander's Telegram Letter Number ST/1648/2019 dated October 22, 2019, interpretively emphasizes the prohibition of same-sex sexual relations, and not the existence of LGBT in the TNI institutional environment. This regulation should be carried out through a law whose formation involves parliament as the people's representative, because the prohibition is related to the limitation of human rights, namely sexual relations.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The research used in this writing is legal normative juridical. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/652 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 99-104 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/652/pdf_347 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/303 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

A Study on Health Tourism, The Rising Value in Services Exports of Turkey Özer, Fatih; Istanbul Ticaret Universitesi Yıldırım, Figen; Istanbul Ticaret Universitesi Services Sector, Services Export, Health Services, Health Tourism After import substitution policies in the 1980s Türkiye, which implemented an export-led growth model in foreign trade, has made important strides in balancing the current account deficit in goods trade after the 2000s with services exports led by tourism and transportation services. In particular, serious developments have been achieved since 2012 with various steps and support mechanisms taken to increase the foreign exchange revenues obtained from service trade and to make them sustainable. The fact that health tourism, which is considered a sub-branch of tourism activities, is one of the leading sectors that benefit from supports as a foreign exchange earning activity, is considered to be an indicator of the importance of this issue. Turkey, with its health system infrastructure equipped with modern medical devices and experienced / competent health personnel, has given a relatively successful exam under pandemic conditions and has reinforced its image as an assertive and important destination in terms of health tourism. Within the scope of the author's doctoral thesis on Service Export and Health Tourism, the findings obtained from the focus group discussions on the strengths and weaknesses of Turkey's health tourism, the steps to be taken towards branding and the future trends are summarized in this study and it is aimed to shed light on the future studies on this subject.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/303 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 91-101 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/303/pdf_169 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/767 2026-06-06T06:36:23Z jital:ART

Psychological Biases, Personality Traits, and Investment Behavior: The Role of Financial Information Nasırcılar, Özge; Antalya Bilim University Akbaş, Müzeyyen Çiğdem; Antalya Bilim University Finance; Accounting Behavioral finance, Psychological biases, Personality traits, Investment behavior, Financial information G41, N20, D53, M41 This research examines the influence of psychological biases and dispositional traits on individual investment behavior within the framework of behavioral finance. Traditional financial theory posits that investors process information rationally; however, behavioral research demonstrates that cognitive and affective factors systematically shape financial decision-making. Drawing on survey-based evidence, the study investigates how investors’ psychological characteristics affect their investment behavior in contexts where accounting-related decisions rely primarily on accounting-derived information. Data were collected from 410 participants via online questionnaires and analyzed using regression analysis. The findings reveal that overconfidence, herding behavior, risk tolerance, and self-monitoring significantly and positively impact Turkish investors’ investment behavior. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Research Article application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/767 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 353-364 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/767/pdf_404 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/463 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

Workplace Environment of Job Satisfaction for Procurement Professionals in the Private Sector of Tanzania Israel, Baraka; College of Business Education, Dar es Salaam - Tanzania Workplace Environment, Job Satisfaction, Procurement Professionals, Private Sector J28, J01, J08, J21, J33. The dynamics influencing employees' job satisfaction (EJS) exhibit considerable variations across sectors and professions. The current study investigates the workplace environment of job satisfaction for procurement professionals, with specific insights from the private sector in Tanzania. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey and a simple random sampling approach were utilised for data collection from 427 procurement professionals across the five districts of the Dar es Salaam region of Tanzania. The study findings demonstrated high and moderate satisfaction with the social and physical work environments among procurement professionals. However, notable concerns emerged regarding unmanageable workloads, unhealthy work-life balance, lack of support for career development, unharmonised salary structures, inefficient performance management systems, and lack of autonomy and inclusive decision-making systems. Other issues include delays in salary payments, lack of promotion and growth opportunities, a disconnect between responsibilities and procurement skills, and unfair termination of employment. The study findings provide adequate evidence to assert that the work environment in the surveyed private organizations is not conducive. This is supported by the fact that 60.43% and 60.42% of the surveyed procurement professionals expressed dissatisfaction with their work environment and jobs, respectively. Subsequently, the study offers valuable insights for managers and policymakers, enabling them to formulate targeted strategies to enhance job satisfaction, overall well-being, and productivity of workforces in the private sector. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/463 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 178-190 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/463/pdf_255 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/134 2020-06-02T13:49:21Z jital:ART

Tax and Subsidy Policy Model for Achieving a Tobacco-Free Nation Whakeshum, Sisay Tolla; Jimma University Economics; Economic Policy Analysis Tax Policy, Subsidy Policy, Tobacco Control Economic Policy Analysis Tobacco use or cigarette smoking has predominantly unenthusiastic effects on human wellbeing causing diminished overall health welfare, minimized labour productivity and efficiency, and augmented health care cost. Recognized health and socio-economic outlays of smoking, countries began to intervene in the market of tobacco by the use of price and tax procedures with the intention of tumbling tobacco consumption and exposure. However, these interventions have featured some controversies on essential issues like freedom and utility concern from consumers and unemployment worries from producers and vendors. Therefore, to address these arguments the researcher developed intervention policies entitled “Policy Model of Tax and Subsidy to Achieve Sustainable Tobacco Control” well-thought-out tax and subsidy policies as a complement rather than substitute strategies to have a comprehensive campaign on controlling tobacco consumption and exploitation. Furthermore, the developed model can openly apply to other damaging products like khat, cocaine, etc.   Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Model Formation application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/134 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 100-105 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/134/pdf_88 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/46 2016-12-14T07:49:20Z jital:ART

Evaluation of Horizon’2020 and Effects on Public Transport Boysan, Büşra; Istanbul Commerce University Ekmekçi, İsmail; Istanbul Commerce University European Union Projects, Horizon 2020, Support Programs, Consortium, Public Transport, Energy Efficiency on Transport, Smart Cities and Transportation, Integrated Public Transport, Projects with Potential on Transportation, Horizon 2020 and Transportation European Union Frame Programs is a research program with one of highest budget in the world. It operates for the purpose of the improving research and technology, to promote university-industry cooperation, creating mutual and powerful sources, providing human resources and to support international cooperation. It provides support with a specially established fund. In Turkey, European Union Programs coordination is done over TUBITAK. TUBITAK, aside from undertaking the job of being a coordinator for constituting international consortiums, it also promotes participation with various support and rewards. In this article, encouraging participation to European Union projects in order to move R&D activities in Turkey to a universal level, general overview will be provided to this process in order to be able to benefit from this effectively. In the direction of this general overview, world trends will be examined under Horizon 2020 headings while discussing the subject of transportation. Especially on the subjects of energy efficiency, smart cities, integrated transportation, effects of projects that are applied or aimed in the world on transportation will be examined. Near future of the transportation sector will be discussed and different models that can be adapted to Istanbul will be evaluated. Transportation potential that will be examined under these headings supported by Horizon 2020 is a pre-promotion to creating consortiums countrywide. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2016-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/46 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 2, Issue 2 (2016): December; 127-134 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/46/pdf_21 Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/673 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

Linking Organizational Innovation to Export Performance and Competitive Advantage: Evidence from Technology Producing Businesses Mutlu, Mustafa Emrah; iSTANBUL TİCARET UNIVERSITY İyigün, Necla Öykü International Trade, Business Management Organizational Innovation, Competitive Advantage, Export Performance, Technology, Turkiye : This study investigates the interplay between organizational innovation, competitive advantage, and export performance within technology-producing businesses in Turkiye. The study explores not only the direct effects of organizational innovation on export performance but also the mediating role of competitive advantage in this relationship. To achieve this, data were collected through a mixed-mode survey methodology, combining face-to-face and online questionnaires administered between January and April 2025. The sample comprised 548 upper-middle-level managers operating in the export departments of large, medium, and small-sized technology producing businesses in Turkiye. The findings demonstrate that organizational innovation has a significant and positive effect on export performance. Moreover, competitive advantage is shown to strongly influence export outcomes and serves as a critical mediating factor between organizational innovation and export performance. These results highlight the strategic importance of fostering innovation capabilities to strengthen international competitiveness. The study offers valuable insights for both scholars and practitioners by advancing theoretical understanding and providing actionable implications for innovation-driven export strategies in emerging economies. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Research Article application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/673 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 216-230 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/673/pdf_358 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/321 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

The Urgency of Determining the Bengawan Solo River as a Subject of International Law Shodikin, Miftakhul; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Bengawan Solo Determining, River, Subject of International Law Bengawan Solo The Bengawan Solo River holds historical, social and economic wealth for the Javanese people. From the pre-literate period to the Mataram and Majapahit kingdoms, the Bengawan Solo River was the center of civilization in Java. The flow is functioned as a trade route and the water is used as a standard for drinking water and irrigation for agriculture and plantations. Meanwhile, Javanese people generally have a belief in several springs of the Bengawan Solo River as a sacred place with various rituals. The shift in the view of human relations to nature and reinforced by increasingly severe climate change forces humans to change habits that are detrimental to the balance of nature. Ganges, Yamuna and Whanganui rivers in India and New Zealand are designated as legal subjects with regard to environmental conservation and local wisdom. By looking at the legal precedents that occurred in India and New Zealand as well as the degradation of the function of the Bengawan Solo which was originally a "source of life" to become a "source of disaster", then the determination of the Bengawan Solo River as a Subject of International Law can restore its function as before, : the center of civilization of the land of Java. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Fakultas Hukum, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The approach used is historical and Comparative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/321 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 1-9 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/321/pdf_180 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/569 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Effect of Electronic Tendering on the Public Procurement Function Efficiency: A Case of Morogoro Municipal Tanzania Minja, Monica Ewald; Tanzania Institute of Accountancy Kadege, Asha Ramadhan Magessa, Perazia Electronic tendering, Procurement function, efficiency Generally, the study assessed the effect of E-tendering on procurement function efficiency in public sector organizations. The study was conducted in Morogoro municipality where a total of five public organizations were selected for the study. The population consisted of 147 PMU, finance and ICT personnel from the selected organizations of which 108 were sampled. Data was collected though a questionnaire since the study adopted a quantitative approach. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis as well as multiple regressions analysis to establish a causal relationship between independent and dependent variables. According to the findings of the study, it was revealed that e-tendering has significant effect on the procurement function efficiency Therefore; the study recommends that other studies to focus on other electronic tools in procurement and go beyond the effect of e-tendering on procurement efficiency. Also policies can be made in both public and private sector to enhance the use of e-tendering for better procurement function efficiency. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Asha R.Kadege, Mzumbe University Perazia Magesa, Collage of Business Education 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/569 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 130-142 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/569/pdf_302 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/253 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

Factors Affecting Agricultural Input Loan Repayment in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence from Soro District Mulatu, Negese Tamirat; lecturer, jimma university Hagayo, Sanait Tadele Agriculture Input, Loan repayment, Probit Model, Soro District, Southern Ethiopia This study was conducted to assess determinants that influencing smallholder farmers loan repayment in Soro district. Agricultural sector plays a key role in alleviating poverty. This study was aimed at investigating the determinants of input loan repayment in the Soro district using cross-sectional survey data gathered in 2018/19. A primary and secondary source of information through structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used. Descriptive analysis and econometric methods such as probit regression were employed for the data analysis. The probit regression result revealed that variables such as educational level, landholding, expenditure of household, crop income of household, credit borrowed to input, and owned oxen significantly influences smallholder agricultural input loan repayment. Hence, emphasis should be given to enhance loan repayment in the sector through by enhancing the practices of relatively agricultural input loan repayment in Soro district. Hence, enhanced loan repayment that will be a key to achieve alleviated poverty. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/253 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 1-10 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/253/pdf_136 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/117 2019-06-13T10:46:14Z jital:ART

Financial Leasing in Manufacturing and Production Sector: The Case of Turkey Yozgat, Mehmet Çelebi; istanbul commerce university Kibritci Artar, Okşan; İstanbul Commerce University Financial Leasing, Manufacturing Industry Financial leasing is the transaction  in which a property needed by an investor (lessee) is leased for a contractual specified period of time through purchasing by a financial leasing company. A financial leasing takes place with a contract made between an investor and a financial leasing company.  The advantage of financial leading for an investor is that they can use the significant amount of money they have to allocate when they purchase the property in more strategical investments. Financial leasing is commonly used in the world and is also important for developing countries. Financial leasing transactions are carried out in Turkey, which is one of the developing countries with a legislation. Most of the sectors in which financial leasing transactions are made in Turkey are manufacturing, service and agriculture. The aim of this study is to determine the differences between the state of financial leasing in Turkey and  in the world by evaluating the operation, advantages and disadvantages of financial leasing. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2019-06-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/117 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 5, Issue 1 (2019): June; 44-51 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/117/pdf_69 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/117/16 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/420 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

A Research on Online Payment Tendencies of Consumers Gündüzyeli, Bora social sciences; marketing; consumer behaviour Online Payment Systems, Consumer Behavior, Consumer Preferences M31, M15, M39 The aim of this study is to investigate consumer preferences towards online payment services and to analyze the factors influencing their choice of online payment. A digital survey was administered to 152 participants aged 18 and over living in Turkey between the dates of March 1, 2023, and May 30, 2023, using convenience sampling. Frequency, factor, correlation, and ANOVA analyses were conducted within the scope of the study's analysis. The results indicate a strong positive relationship between the sources of awareness about online payment during product purchasing and the factors affecting online payment during online purchasing. Furthermore, a significant difference was found between the issues encountered during online payment and the frequency of using Google Payment. The uniqueness of this research compared to other studies lies in its focus on the online payment system in Turkey, specifically how different online payment systems and consumers' perceptions of online payments influence consumer behavior. While there are various studies conducted for different countries in the literature, there is no study specifically addressing online payment systems in Turkey. The results of this study can be utilized for future research in Turkey on online payment systems and consumer behavior, allowing for detailed analyses based on each different online payment system. In this study, the Google Payment system in Turkey is examined in detail from the consumers' perspective.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion A digital survey was administered to 152 participants aged 18 and over living in Turkey between the dates of March 1, 2023, and May 30, 2023, using convenience sampling. Frequency, factor, correlation, and ANOVA analyses were conducted within the scope of application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/420 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 168-180 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/420/pdf_228 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/603 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Measuring Brand Equity in the Airline Industry of Türkiye Özdemir, Semiha Tuğçe; İstanbul Commerce University Develi, Evrim İldem Brand Equity, Brand Image, Brand Loyalty, Perceived Quality, Brand Awareness, Brand Associations, Turkish Airline Industry, Aviation The aim of this study is to measure brand equity in Türkiye’s airline industry by using Aaker’s (1991) brand equity model, with the addition of Keller’s (1993) brand image concept. The five key factors of brand equity which are brand loyalty, perceived quality, brand awareness, brand associations, and brand image are investigated from the perspective of airline passengers in Türkiye. A quantitative and cross-sectional research was used, and data were collected via a structured survey. Also, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to test model’s validity, followed by Pearson’s Correlation Analysis to examine hypothesized relationships. Additionally, the results confirmed that there is significant relationship among all factors, although moderating effect of income level was not supported. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/603 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 362-371 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/603/pdf_323 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/124 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/125 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/126 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/127 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/128 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/129 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/130 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/131 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/132 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/133 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/134 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/135 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/136 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/603/137 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/506 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance: A Study on BORSA Istanbul (BIST30) Ali, Ahmed Duran; ISTANBUL COMMERCE UNIVERSITY Koy, Ayben finance Financial Performance, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), BIST30 finance, sustainability CSR, BORSA istnabul This article aims to establish a clear connection between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and financial performance. Through this research, we aim to conclusively demonstrate how a company's corporate social performance impacts its financial success. Utilizing data from Turkish BIST30 index companies for the years 2010 to 2022, our findings indicate a negative association between corporate social responsibility disclosure and return on assets, implying a potential trade-off. Furthermore, the existence of CEO duality has got a positive influence on the return on assets. The findings underline the significance of a balanced strategy that considers both social and economic aims. By incorporating social responsibility into their operations, companies may contribute to a more sustainable and inclusive future while still attaining financial success. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law non 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/506 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 51-61 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/506/pdf_271 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/197 2020-12-21T15:30:14Z jital:ART

Determinants of Rural Women Economic Empowerment in Agricultural Activities: Evidence from Nunu Kumba District of East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia Adugna, Lalisa Kebede, Getachew Mulatu, Negese Tamirat; lecturer, jimma university Economic empowerment, Women, Child, Logistic Regression, growth, Ethiopia This study was aimed at investigating the determinants of rural women economic empowerment in agricultural activities of Nunu Kumba district of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The study can be useful to reduce women discrimination, ministry of child and women’s affairs in its effort to formulate and implement gender policies. A multistage sampling procedure was used to take sample of 342 women household respondents using random sampling technique from selected rural Kebeles. For the study both primary and secondary sources of data were conducted. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and logistic regression model. Descriptive analysis was conducted to discuss the behavior of rural women economic empowerment in agricultural activities and performed using frequencies, percentage, means, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values. The logistic regression result reveals that out of thirteen explanatory variables eleven variables age, size of family, educational status, farm income, off-farm income, access to credit, access to and control of economic resources, access to information, rural women participation in community affairs, lack of gender awareness and domestic violence were statistically significant. The findings of the study recommended that the policy makers effectively implement the rights of the significant number of marginalized rural women for full participation in all levels of human activity. This will play a paramount role in eradicating poverty and hastening economic growth of Ethiopia. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/197 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 2 (2020): December; 90-105 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/197/pdf_103 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/59 2018-01-16T04:42:58Z jital:ART

The Relations between Foreign Trade and Income Inequality: Turkey 1980-2014 Öz, Sabri; Istanbul Commerce University Income Inequality, Foreign Trade, Foreign Trade Policy, GINI, Kuznets In the world, it is seen that foreign trade is the most important factor together with free capital flow in open economic order. Along with the development of foreign trade, many parameters in the domestic economic order of nations have interacted. The measurement of the open economic order, the indices for determining the level and the changes in the parameters which are used, is gaining importance in terms of being able to produce macro level policies on a national basis. In the study, the indices used for foreign trade were determined, and an econometric analysis was carried out to show the changes in the related indices in terms of income distribution. The analyzes revealed that the Kuznets curriculum was not correct after the 2001 crisis. Foreign trade volume is also supported by this data. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-01-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/59 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 2 (2017): December; 26-35 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/59/pdf_37 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/698 2026-06-06T06:36:22Z jital:ART

Restorative Justice as a Paradigm for Humane Resolution of Criminal Case Herlambang, Adyantana Meru; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Suhartono, Slamet; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Mangesti, Yovita Arie; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law criminal, justice, deliberation law Efforts to provide legal protection and humane justice for victims of crime and their families, as well as to restore the welfare of perpetrators of crime, are carried out using a restorative justice approach. Currently, this approach is considered quite beneficial for perpetrators of crimes, victims of crimes, and/or their families. Resolving criminal cases using a restorative justice approach provides an opportunity for perpetrators to atone for their wrongdoings toward victims and/or their families through amicable resolution through deliberation and consensus. In this resolution, perpetrators may also be required to provide compensation or restitution to victims or their families. The use of restorative justice is an effort to resolve criminal cases amicably through deliberation to reach a consensus, which aims to restore the victim with the main focus of providing compensation to the victim due to the crime committed by the perpetrator. The use of a restorative justice approach requires active participation involving the parties involved in the settlement process, including the perpetrator, victim, family, and community. Regarding the method used in resolving criminal cases with a restorative justice approach, it can be done using the services of a mediator to encourage dialogue and mediation to reach a fair and satisfactory agreement for all parties Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion This research is a normative legal research. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/698 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 22-26 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/698/pdf_375 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/349 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

The Role of Legal Digitization on Cybercrime Control in Indonesia Jenda Ingan Mahuli Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembinaan Masyarakat Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia Ingan Mahuli, Jenda; FACULTY OF LAW, UNIVERSITAS PEMBINAAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA, MEDAN, INDONESIA Digitalization, Law, Development, Control, Cyber Crime The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the extent of the efforts made by the Government and the DPR in overcoming the problems of articles that are multi-interpreted in several existing laws in Indonesia regarding the use of digital applications so that there is legal certainty, and bring up fair and transparent law enforcement. This research discusses the efforts made by the Government and the DPR in an effort to minimize the existing turmoil by doing various ways in order to overcome the problems associated with articles that are multi-interpreted in several existing laws in Indonesia regarding the use of digital applications, besides that in other studies only on the description of multi-interpreted articles and the explanation of the case, while in this research there is an addition on how to overcome problems to prevent turmoil in the community related to multi-interpreted articles that affect legal certainty and law enforcement.  The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis with a literature research approach. From the results of existing research, the conclusion of this study is that there are several articles of multiple interpretations that exist in the laws and regulations in force in Indonesia, where the article is article 27 paragraph 2 and article 28 paragraph 2 of Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning ITE and Article 1 Paragraph 4 of Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning the protection of personal data that is detrimental to society, as has happened in several cases in Indonesia. In addition, from the results of the research, it can be seen that there are several ways to prevent this multi-interpretation article, namely by conducting restorative justice for handling cases related to digital use activities, the efforts of the community to conduct judicial reviews of articles that are multi-interpreted when using digital applications, and the Government's desire to revise several articles in the law relating to the use of digital applications. If the implementation of articles that are contrary to the conscience of the people, which are multi-interpretive and also not in accordance with what the community expects is continued, it will make the State lose its authority, and the law will not be dealt with properly, to the detriment of the community, where this article will erode public confidence in law enforcement in Indonesia which is currently being tested because of the incompetence of law enforcers in handling cases.. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/349 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 164-173 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/349/pdf_196 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/279 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

The Surge of CRM Software for Marketing Purposes during the Pandemic Hernandez Rodriguez, Edwin Camilo; Istanbul Ticaret University Develi, Evrim İldem marketing management, marketing Customer Relationship Management, Analytics Tools, e-Commerce, Analytical CRM, Inbound Marketing CRM, Inbound Marketing In this study the surge of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) management software for marketing purposes during the pandemic will be explained through the scientific research and in-depth interview method. The definitions of the Customer Relationship Management, its types, functioning processes, its new features and its working process will be explained, along with the relevance it has gained during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. An in-depth interview will be carried out with the marketing director of the US based company Protera Technologies. The interview allows exemplifying the usage for marketing process of an IT company of their CRM platform, the reasons behind its usage and its benefits. The importance of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is going to be covered in this study along with the differences between InBound Marketing and OutBound marketing. Data analytics mechanisms are going to be part of this study. A general understanding of the way that CRM applications operate is going to be further explained. By making use of the in-depth interview academic method, a case study of an American IT company is going to be explained, and out of this study, a proposed inbound marketing scheme is going to be proposed based on the case study. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Evrim İldem DEVELİ, Istanbul Ticaret University 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion In-depth interview, literature review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/279 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 153-161 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/279/pdf_152 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/279/66 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/437 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

Enhancing Supply Chain Integration and Performance through Information and Communication Technology Sallwa, Alfred Ain; College of Business Education, Tanzania. supply chain integration, ICT, supply chain perfromance While the significance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) adoption in business operations has been steadily growing, its impact on supply chain integration (SCI) and supply chain performance (SCP) remains unclear in the existing body of literature. This paper seeks to evaluate the influence of ICT adoption on SCI and SCP, delving into the presence of mediator and moderator variables. Using survey data collected from 259 participants in the dairy supply chain in Iringa, Tanzania, this quantitative study employs structural equation modeling to examine the impact of ICT adoption on SCI and performance, as well as to explore the role of SCI as a mediating factor and the moderating effect of age, gender, skills, and education level. The findings indicate that ICT adoption has no significant direct impact on SCP, as this relationship is entirely mediated by the three levels of SCI (SI, II, and CI), revealing how this connection is influenced by skills and education level. The study offers a comprehensive exploration of ICT adoption within the context of food processing supply chain performance, demonstrating how companies can harness the benefits of ICT adoption through SCI. It also underscores that ICT adoption alone does not enhance S CP; rather it is in tandem with a stable SCI that such improvements can be realized. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Prof Edda Tandi Lwoga, College of Business Education, Tanzania 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion article application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/437 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 1-15 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/437/pdf_239 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/28 2015-12-17T07:24:06Z jital:ART

Challenges of EU Security on the Example of Cybeterrorism Policy Oleksiewicz, Izabela; Technical University in Rzeszow Cyberterrorism; Policy; EU; Challenges In addition to traditional threats to information as spying or leaking state secrets and business secrets appeared the new threats, among which the most dangerous is cyberterrorism. Taking into account the problems of cyber-terrorism, includes, in particular, the analysis of legislation aimed at ensuring the security of information systems of individual countries particular, this subject should be also recognized as requiring at the present time the insightful analysis. Therefore, this publication is an attempt of characteristics the determinants of this phenomenon and analysis of the latest legal solutions in the fight against cyber terrorism within the European Union. Moreover, it was made the attempt to find an answer to the question whether the current legal solutions of the European Union in the area of security are an effective tool in the fight against cyberterrorism. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2015-12-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/28 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 1, Issue 1 (2015): June; 25-30 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/28/pdf_2 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/28/4 Copyright (c) 2015 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/646 2025-11-27T14:47:10Z jital:ART

The Expansion of Absolute Competence in Industrial Relations Court (PHI) by Resolving Disputes over Termination of Employment (PHK) against Deceased Workers Based on the Principle of Justice Mangagang, Abdi Munawar Daeng; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Warka, Made; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Hufron, Hufron; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Bagijo, Himawan Estu; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law absolute competence, justice, worker law Termination of Employment (PHK) is a central issue in industrial relations that often causes disputes between workers and employers. Based on article 61 paragraph 1 of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation. One of the forms of layoffs regulated is layoffs due to the death of workers, which legally causes the end of employment relations automatically (layoff by law). The death of a worker is also regulated in Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 in article 36 letter o and is regulated in detail in Article 57 regarding the calculation of the rights obtained. This research uses normative juridical research. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the expansion of the absolute competence of the Industrial Relations Court (PHI) in handling disputes over termination of employment (PHK) due to the death of workers is a legal urgency that cannot be ignored. Although the employment relationship ends automatically (by law), facts in the field show that heirs often face administrative and juridical obstacles that cause delays in the fulfillment of workers' normative rights. This research confirms that PHI has the philosophical, juridical, and theoretical basis to be given explicit authority to resolve such disputes in order to ensure substantive justice and legal certainty for the heirs. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The research used in this writing is legal normative juridical. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/646 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 65-70 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/646/pdf_340 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/298 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

The Relationship between Entrepreneurship Orientation and Export Performance: Evidence from Turkey Boukari, Zayneb; Istanbul Commerce University Institute of Foreign Trade İyigün, Necla Öykü; Istanbul Commerce University Faculty of Business International Commerce; Business administration Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Orientation, Resource-Based View, Export Performance, Export International Trade Exporting is a strategic way of accessing international markets for many companies. However, operating successfully can be challenging because of the highly competitive and dynamic business environment. Therefore, how to be a successful and competitive exporter and how to use its scarce resources and capabilities is a matter of great importance. All international activities can be considered entrepreneurial since they contain a combination of risk and innovation that are crucial to creating value. As a company’s prominent resource and capability, entrepreneurship orientation captured the attention of many researchers in the field of international business. Based on the dynamic capability and resource-based view, the purpose of this research is to further investigate the impact of entrepreneurship orientation on export performance and more specifically to examine and highlight the effectiveness and the effect of each dimension of entrepreneurship orientation on export performance. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 70 managers of exporting companies in Turkey to reveal the relationship among the constructs in question. The study’s results supported the positive relationship of proactiveness and innovativeness dimensions on export performance. According to the results of the research, some insights were suggested to contribute to exporters to identify and reinforce their entrepreneurial behaviors as well as to recognize the contribution of each entrepreneurship orientation dimension and develop it accordingly for better export performance. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative approach application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/298 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 47-54 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/298/pdf_164 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/532 2024-11-29T04:28:14Z jital:ART

Determinants of Market Access among Vanilla Farmers in Kagera, Tanzania Kagimbo, Asma M; College of Business Education Mashenene, Robert Galan; Department of Business and Marketing, College of Business Education, P. O. Box 3168, Mwanza, Tanzania Marketing; Market Access Market access, Vanilla produce, Vanilla farmers, Tanzania JEL Classification: M21 The study aimed at examining determinants of market access among vanilla farmers in Kagera region of Tanzania. The study achieved specific objectives as follows; (i) to examine determinants for market access of vanilla produce in Kagera region and (ii) to determine the effect of market access determinants on market access of vanilla produce in Kagera region. The use of a mixed-methods approach was considered appropriate with integration of both qualitative and quantitative data whereas a sample of 385 vanilla farmers and key agricultural informants were included. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling and purposive sampling were adopted in selecting the sample selection. Data collection made use of structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Analysis of qualitative data was achieved using content analysis whereas application of logit model in determining the effect of market access determinants on market access of vanilla produce was considered relevant. The findings revealed that cooperative engagements, transportation infrastructure, access to credit and geographic factor positively and significantly influence market access (p<0.05). The study urges to the government, policymakers and partners in development to focus on infrastructure development, cooperative engagement and extending more credit facilities aiming at improving access to vanilla market and the economic well-being of vanilla farmers, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of the agricultural sector in Kagera.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative and qualitative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/532 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 251-265 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/532/pdf_287 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/532/117 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/222 2021-06-14T07:47:37Z jital:ART

Progress of Regional Economic Integration in East Africa Yusuf, Abdulmalik Abukar; Istanbul commerce university Regional Economic integration, trade, Regional integration East African countries are deeply committed to adopting and implementing regional integration initiatives, which are viewed as a common approach for the region's growth. At the regional level, the main goal is to create the Economic Community as the sixth and final stage of integration, which includes increasing inter-sectoral coordination and establishing regional free trade zones, common market, economic union, and monetary union spanning the entire continent. In this article, we will look at their priorities, major accomplishments, and problems, as well as the progress achieved in the integration process and the threats it faces. The theoretical section of this research was carried out in Africa, specifically East Africa. The research data came from articles and document analysis. There were also secondary sources used. The research is one of the first to evaluate integration areas in East Africa that could lead to faster integration. It assists organizations such as IGAD, COMESA, and EAC in revising or reassessing their strategies, as well as their institutional weaknesses and strengths, in order to achieve their integration objective successfully. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion secondary sources application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/222 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): June; 67-74 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/222/pdf_121 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/222/41 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/80 2018-06-21T04:45:07Z jital:ART

Design of a Genetic Algorithmic Approach for Reducing Energy Consumption in Single Machine Production Systems Tarakçı, Elif Zaim, Abdül Halim Öztaş, Oğuzhan Energy Consumption, Single Machine, Genetic Algorithm In traditional production systems, production is generally based on performance criteria such as total completion time, price and quality. Energy consumption or environmental impacts of prodcution systems are not often considered. This article deals with an NP-hard scheduling problem aiming to increase energy efficiency, which has been noticed by companies in recent years. A mathematical model is set up to minimize the total energy consumption in a single machine production system. Genetic algorithm method is used to solve this NP-Hard problem. To prove the efficiency of our model and algorithm, we use the sample problems in the reference paper. According to the test results, our model and algorithm have been shown to reduce energy consumption by 50% compared to the algorithm in the reference paper. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-05-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/80 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 1 (2018): June; 101-110 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/80/pdf_53 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/723 2026-06-06T06:36:23Z jital:ART

Green Supply Chain Management Practices for Green Innovation Agwot, Komakech Robert; University of Nairobi Wainaina, Michael Githii Ombati, Thomas Ogoro Green supply chain manGreen supply chain management; green innovation; green process innovation; green product innovation; green managerial innovation; green business model innovation Green supply chain management, green innovation, green process innovation, green product innovation, green managerial innovation, green business model innovation Supply Chain Management Green supply chains are crucial for environmental performance, encouraging companies to rapidly adopt Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices that formalize environmental priorities across sourcing, operations, logistics, and recovery. Although recent research on the relationship between GSCM and green innovation has grown, it remains somewhat fragmented. This paper offers a supply chain–focused conceptual synthesis of GSCM practices to promote green innovation. It reviews both foundational and recent studies, highlighting five key GSCM practices: green purchasing, supplier collaboration, eco-design, reverse logistics, and internal environmental management. It shows how these practices enable the development of green products, processes, and organizational innovations. The review indicates that green innovation is most strongly associated with GSCM when these practices operate as an integrated system. Specifically, upstream governance and collaboration generate environmental knowledge; eco-design turns environmental goals into innovative product structures; reverse logistics supports closed-loop learning and process improvements; and internal environmental management provides cross-functional alignment and governance to sustain innovation. This study advances the logistics and supply chain literature by conceptually integrating key GSCM practices into a unified system that fosters multidimensional green innovation throughout the supply chain. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law N/A 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Scoping Review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/723 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 196-207 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/723/pdf_391 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/381 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

Electric Vehicles Industry in Emerging Countries: Barriers and Environmental Opportunities Mehanneche, Kaouthar Najafi, Sharareh; Istanbul Commerce University Emerging Countries, Electric Vehicles, Sustainability Globalization in Automobile industry is one of the significant discussions nowadays in emerging countries. Conventional car manufacturing in emerging countries has got a great share of global market for many years. Global environmental concerns, climate change due to negative effects of carbon emissions and greenhouse gases lead to increasing the importance of overview the non-renewable fuels consumption patterns to achieve sustainability. Consequently, most countries attempted to raise consciousness about the usage of Electric Vehicles (EVs). However, poor infrastructure technology and high cost of establishing charging stations make the industry capital-intensive. The governments set various strategies such as tax reduction and credit offerings. Moreover, investing in establishing production and manufacturing units causes opportunities to commence EVs productions in many emerging countries as a developed countries. The main aim of this paper is to explain the significance of EV production in emerging countries and review of validity of Environmental Kuznets Curve Model. In the second part, the emphasis is on describing the competitive advantage of Türkiye as an emerging country in EV market globally. Porter's Diamond model and the Country-of-Origin effect are the main discussed theories. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/381 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 15-23 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/381/pdf_212 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/154 2020-06-02T13:49:21Z jital:ART

Economic Impact of Fair-Trade Certification on Small-Scale Coffee Producers in Ethiopia Bulga, Fikadu Gutu; Jimma University Demissie, Wondaferahu Mulugeta Whakeshum, Sisay Tolla Fair-Trade certification, Coffee, Economic Impact, Ethiopia In Ethiopia coffee production is one of the most important sectors of livelihood, and the largest portion of coffee production comes from smallholder farmers. Small-scale coffee farmers producing for fair-trade market outlets are commonly considered to benefit from enhanced prices and established market channels. Nevertheless, some empirical studies are validating this conception adversely. This study, consequently, tried to assess the impact of fair-trade certification on the economy of small-scale coffee producers using both descriptive and econometrics techniques for the selected 383 respondents in Jimma zone of south west Ethiopia. According to the finding of the study; educational level,  status of household head, fair-trade membership position, market and infrastructure access variables are statistically significant and determine income of smallholder coffee farmers positively. Logistic regression result indicates that, the coefficient (or parameter estimate) for the variable fair-trade membership position is 3.383. This means that for every one-unit increase in fair-trade membership, we expect a 3.383 increase in the log-odds of the income increment, keeping all other independent variables constant. Therefore, leeway of fair-trade certification ought to be reflected as one of poverty and susceptibility reduction implements among economic strategists and practitioners. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/154 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 52-60 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/154/pdf_83 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/36 2016-06-28T16:33:14Z jital:ART

Limitation of Power of the Counsel to Review the File in the Criminal Procedure: Law No. 6572 And It’s Consequences Koç, Coşkun; Malatya Bar Association Fair Trial, Equality of Arms Principle, Counsel, Examine the File The Article No. 153 of the Law of Criminal Procedure, which regulates the power of the counsel to examine the file, has been amended by the Law No. 6572, the Article No. 44, dated 02.12.2014. According to the amendment, if the power of the counsel to examine the content of the file or taking copies of the documents jeopardizes the purpose of the investigation, it can be limited by the judge upon request of the prosecutor. However, limiting the power of the counsel to examine the investigation file is against the European Convention on Human Rights and the Constitution. Indeed, the European Convention on Human Rights gives a ruling of violation of right in cases where it determines such a limitation of power. The power of the counsel to examine the content of the file is the sine qua non of a fair trial. It also serves the purpose of revealing the truth. In this study, we will try to examine the effect of the amendment made with the Article 44 of the Law No. 6572 about power of the counsel to examine the file on the fair trial principle. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2016-06-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/36 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 2, Issue 1 (2016): June; 27-34 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/36/pdf_15 Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/664 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

The Impact of Social Media on the Gaming Industry Sirat, Basma; Istanbul Commerce University Social media, Gaming, Emerging future trends The intersection of social media and gaming has evolved into a powerful nexus within the digital entertainment ecosystem, reshaping how games are marketed, consumed, and experienced. This study explores the historical development, current dynamics, and future trajectories of the relationship between social media and the gaming industry, with a focus on the Turkish context. Grounded in a mixed-methods research design, the study draws on a combination of literature review, online surveys (N=450), expert interviews, focus groups, and social media content analysis to investigate the multi-faceted integration of these two industries. Findings highlight that platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and Twitch have become dominant channels for game discovery and community engagement, with influencers and user-generated content playing a critical role in shaping gamer behavior and preferences. The data indicates a generational shift toward short-form content and social-first gaming experiences, especially among Gen Z and Millennials. Additionally, emerging technologies like virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and AI-generated content are influencing both gameplay and marketing strategies. The research identifies significant trends, including the rise of mobile gaming, the importance of digital communities (Discord, Reddit), and the growing impact of influencer-driven marketing. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/664 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 171-175 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/664/pdf_353 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/312 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

Election of the Head of the National Capital Authority (Nusantara) Thanzani, Andrian; Faculty of Law University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Law IKN, Election, Head of Authority constitutional law The long journey regarding the transfer of IKN has reached the present, namely during the time of President Joko Widodo that in mid-March 2022 the start of construction (IKN) in North Panajam Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, which is targeted for 2024, will begin the gradual relocation until 2045. The Head of the Authority Ibu Kota Negara Nusantara (IKN) and its representatives were officially inaugurated on March 10, 2022. The Head of the Nusantara IKN Authority and its representatives are directly elected by the President of the Republic of Indonesia. This is by Article 5 paragraph (4) and Article 9 paragraph (1) Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2022 concerning the State Capital. This direct appointment is problematic among the public and academics. It is considered that there was been a decline in democratization that is not by the principles contained in Article 18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Tomy Michael, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The approach used is using the legislation approach, case approach and facts approach. . The method of data analysis with qualitative descriptive techniques. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/312 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 162-167 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/312/pdf_175 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/559 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

The Influence of Procurement Planning Assessment on Public Procurement Performance in Tanzania: A Case of Parastatal Organizations in Dodoma Kadudu, Mwamba Hamisi; COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION Mwalukasa, Boniface Procurement Planning Assessment, Public Procurement Performance, Parastatal organizations. This study investigated the influence of procurement planning assessment on procurement performance in Parastatal organizations in Dodoma, Tanzania. The study was conducted in Dodoma, chosen due to persistent suboptimal procurement performance trends indicated in the 2021 CAG Report. The theories guiding the study were the resource-based view and compliance performance reform cycle model. A mixed-methods approach was employed in the study. The research design adopted was a cross-sectional survey. Simple random and purposive sampling were utilized, the study involved a sample size of 134 respondents in the study area. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires and qualitative data was collected through interviews Data analysis of the proposed study used is descriptive analysis and inferential statistics using regression analysis to analyze the quantitative data. While qualitative data analyzed using thematic analysis technique. The findings revealed significant positive relationships between procurement planning assessment and procurement performance. This implied that the study underscored the importance of procurement planning assessment in enhancing procurement performance within Parastatal organizations. The findings suggested the need for policymakers and organizational leaders to prioritize strategic procurement planning assessment to optimize procurement processesThe study recommended the establishment of structured processes for planning, implementation, and evaluation of strategic procurement planning practices. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Dr. Boniface Mwalukasa 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion . A mixed-methods approach was employed in the study. The research design adopted was a cross-sectional survey. Simple random and purposive sampling were utilized, the study involved a sample size of 134 respondents in the study area. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/559 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 76-87 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/559/pdf_297 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/243 2021-11-28T13:24:59Z jital:ART

The Relationship between Financial Literacy and Finance Education: A Resarch for University Students of the Sütlüce Region Aydın, Ömer Kibritçi Artar, Okşan Financial literacy, financial education, financial management, accounting ability Financial literacy is a feature that has been stripped of privilege and has become a necessity in today's society. When proliferation of financial markets, the increase in the variety of financial instruments, the use of internet technologies in financial markets, and that bank clients have started to execute their transactions through online channels instead of the face-to-face branch visits are taken into consideration, the need for financial literacy can be recognized more clearly. Today, the most basic way to develop financial literacy is through education in this field. In this context, either individuals will catch up with the recent developments through their own research efforts or they will receive education from relevant external institutions.This study, which investigated the effect of financial education on financial literacy, the students from the finance and economics departments of the universities located in Sütlüce, Istanbul were compared with the students who did not receive such education. The study was conducted over 110 students. While 77 percent of these students received education in economic and financial fields, 23 percent did not. Our analyses showed that students who received economics and finance education displayed higher average financial management and accounting capability, financial literacy sub-dimensions, compared to ones who did not have these educations. On the other hand, the financial calculation success levels of respondents were found inadequate with respect to the significantly large size of the group who received financial education. Only 1.8% of the participants were able to successfully answer all of the questions. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/243 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 2 (2021): December; 22-29 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/243/pdf_131 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/105 2018-12-20T10:32:36Z jital:ART

The Involvement of Foreign Actors in Ethno - Political Conflict: Case of the Republic of Central Africa Ahmat, Habib Adam; Istanbul Commerce University Ethno-Political Conflict, Competition over Resources, Seleka, Anti-Balaka, Francois Bozize, Michel Djotodia  The Central African Republic is an extremely impoverished country that has seen little development since its independence from France in 1960. It is ranked 180 out of 186 countries on the U.N. Human Development Index (report 2016) and is in the Fund for Peace’s top 10 failed states, next to Haiti and Afghanistan. The latest surge of violence in the country began when the Séléka rebels captured power in March 2013. They were responsible for mass killings, sexual violence, and looting. This paper critically analyses the factors that led to the outbreak of that conflict one of which the role that played by the foreign actors in this conflict. The research found that there are four main elements that caused   the conflict in the CAR including exclusion, repression, and competition over resources and foreign involvement. One of the important reasons behind that conflict is an economic factor which is the struggle for power and resources among political elites. The paper also found the repression combined with exclusion policies adopted by the Bozize and the precedent regimes also contributed to the outbreak of violence in CAR finally, the empirical evidence showed that there was a deep economic crisis behind the conflict, with the withdrawal of foreign investors the   Commercial crops such as cotton, coffee, also have deteriorated as well as the exploitation of forest income has declined.    Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-12-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/105 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 2 (2018): December; 63-74 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/105/pdf_64 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/404 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

The Effect Of Supply Chain Risk on Resilience: Mediation Role of Supply Chain Integration Mahira, Mariam; Trisakti university Santosa, Wahyuningsih SD, Triwulandari Supply Chain Risk, Supply Chain Resilience, Supply Chain Integration This study aims to examine the effect of supply chain risk on supply chain resilience through the mediation of supply chain integration. A sample was collected by purposive sampling, and the data  was gathered by using an online survey for three company sectors: manufacturing, logistics, and supply chain management in Java, Indonesia. The data were analyzed with Analysis of Moment Structure structural equation modeling (AMOS-SEM) using AMOS-24. The Result shows that SCR has impact to 3 dimension of integration but only Internal integration impact positively to SCRE whereas supplier and customer integration have not any impact on SCRE. Despite that, SCR still has an effect on SCRE, mediated by SCI. It’s suggest to improve the collaboration and coordination between Supplier and Customer Integration for Resilience of  supply chain. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/404 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 111-120 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/404/pdf_223 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/590 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Customer Relationship Management Practices: Organizational Performance in SMEs of the Food Manufacturing Industry Cazeiro, Alberto Öz, Sabri; Istanbul Ticaret University / BeTa Science Association Organizational Performance, Small and Medium Enterprises, Business Development, Customer Retention, Customer Acquisition Strategies, Technology The purpose of this research is to analyze and explain the impact of CRM practices on organizational performance in Small and Medium Enterprises in the Food Manufacturing Industry. This conceptual review focuses on the literature evidence showing positive or negative correlations between organizational performance and context factors chosen in the CRM strategy and implementation model. The proposed model integrates elements that have already been integrated into the literature review on CRM model and implementation as there was also a need to choose elements carefully to adapt and recreate CRM strategy and implementation model for this research paper.Organizational performance of the CRM strategy and implementation model was used to support and argue with the literature review on key elements, such as Business Development, Customer Retention, Customer Acquisition Strategies, and Concerning also with techniques, systems, and technologies building loyalty and ways of attracting new consumers despite of those already there. This paper offers the SMEs of the food manufacturing industry clear guidelines for how the CRM strategy and implementation model by using the Evolution of CRM readiness, CRM project management strategy, Strategy development process, Value creation process, Multi-channel integration process, Performance assessment process, CRM change management strategy, Data repository (warehouse), Employee Engagement process can impact and be used to facilitate and improve organizational performance and result in positive outcomes that will help SME of food manufacturing industry achieve a competitive advantage. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/590 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 299-317 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/590/pdf_318 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/499 2024-12-04T06:38:24Z jital:ART

Factors Affecting Improved Potato Production in Central Ethiopia: Evidence from Duna District Mulatu, Negese Tamirat; lecturer, jimma university Hagayo, Sanait Tadele potato production Improved potato production plays a vital role in improving agricultural production and yield enhancing policy in central Ethiopia, particularly in the Duna district. Improved potato is a globally produced cash crop and it accounts for fourth place in the world yield. Improved potato yield is key crop in improving potato growers’ income, and nutritional status. In the agriculture, improved potato is an essential means to leave poverty and food insecurity for many cultivators. Despite the district's better environment and good yield enhancing condition for improved potato, the production is meager. Hence, this research investigates factors affecting improved potato production in central Ethiopia, using data from 189 respondents in the 2022/23 main potato growing season in the Duna district. Both primary and secondary data were used for the data analysis. Descriptive and binary logit methods were applied in this study. The findings of the logit model indicated education, age, off-farm activity, access to land, livestock holding, household soil fertility, fertilizer use, use of credit, access to extension service, provision of improved seed, and the distance to market were important factors influencing improved potato production. The results show that improved potato production at the household level reduces rural farm households’ food insecurity and poverty due to improving the income of improved potato growers. Therefore, the agricultural sector should give a vital role and attention to improved potato production. This is the key option to boost improved potato production in the study district. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/499 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 1-12 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/499/pdf_266 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/169 2020-12-21T15:30:14Z jital:ART

Khat Production and Household Welfare among Khat Growers Ethiopia Abafita, Jemal Bulga, Fikadu Gutu; Jimma University Socio-economic, Khat Producer, Food security ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to examine the welfare effects of khat production on households. Our finding shows that, khat production was found to be associated with better living conditions; this was not the case with regard to improvements in household income and housing quality. On the other hand, khat growers had generally better food consumption, which could be due to the immediate but seemingly temporary effect of increasing household income. Given the implications of these aspects of food consumption as key elements for food security at household or individual levels, our findings call for maximum caution as to what policy implications should be drawn since inferences from these findings may be misleading. That is, notwithstanding the positive effects in terms of food consumption and hence food security, khat production could have aggregate negative effect on aggregate through reducing crop production and it is trade-off between them. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law jimma university 2020-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/169 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 2 (2020): December; 33-45 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/169/pdf_98 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/56 2017-06-10T08:37:00Z jital:ART

Regulatory Inconsistencies Resulting in Expropriatory Measures: The Duty of the State to Warn, or Duty of Investor to be Aware? Ismanjanov, Akbar; Westminster International University in Tashkent (WIUT), Commercial Law Department Foreign Direct Investment Law, Indirect Expropriation, Regulatory Measures, Transparency Foreign Investment Law Regulatory inconsistencies of the host state, often based on the widely or vaguely construed rules, giving a way to expansive interpretation of the investor’s actions as misconduct. This allows for the regulator to impose expropriatory measures as a remedy to an alleged misconduct, distancing from responsibility for misapplication of the rule behind the ambivalent legal framework. The key question with regard to the considered problem, is whether its a state duty to inform, or investor’s duty to be aware of all possible consequences, pursuant to the principle of 'prudent investor'. Complexity of the issue necessitates to tackle the problem in multifaceted way, with application of the complex of Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET) standard constituents, as transparency, legitimate expectations, requirements for consistent, stable and predictable framework. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2017-06-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/56 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 1 (2017): June; 77-85 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/56/pdf_33 Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/692 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

A Bibliometric Analysis of Technology Transfer and Collaboration between SMEs and Universities Özdemir, Alptekin; İstanbul Ticaret University, BeTa Science Association Öz, Sabri; BeTa Science Association Kasımoğlu, Murat; İstanbul Ticaret University Technology Transfer; Research Collaboration; Research institutes; universities; technological progress; competitiveness; SME and Industry This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of technology transfer and cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and universities. In the study, the intellectual structure and trends of academic publications on the subject were mapped in detail by utilising bibliometric methods. In the data collection process, records obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database were used and relevant documents were selected through specific keywords. In addition, VOSviewer software was used to visualise the relationships between key terms, institutions and research collaborations. The findings show that academic interest in SME-university collaborations has increased significantly in recent years, indicating that these collaborations play an important role in promoting innovation and enhancing economic competitiveness. However, the present results reveal that although the topic has gained importance in various academic circles, further research is needed to fill the gaps in the literature and to reveal new dimensions of university-industry collaborations. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Literature Review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/692 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 341-354 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/692/pdf_369 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/343 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

The Effect of Export on Brand Values: Panel Tobit Approach Baysel, Banu; Istanbul Commerce University Güneren Genç, Elif; Istanbul Commerce University Brand Value, Export, Financial Table, Panel Tobit Model, Brand Finance Method In today's competitive conditions, companies that want to open up to international markets should offer their products to the market by branding in order to protect and maintain their assets. Having a strong brand is one of the most important issues that will enable companies to increase their exports in highly competitive environments. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the brand value of companies and especially exports and selected financial statement components. The Panel Tobit Method was used in the study to investigate the association between the brand values of 24 manufacturing industry businesses traded on the BIST 100 and their export and chosen financial ratios.As a result of the analysis, a significant and positive relationship was found between the brand values of the companies and their export, paid-in capital and stock returns. Based on the knowledge that exports increase brand value, it emerges that companies should turn to investments that increase and develop brand value in export management.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/343 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 117-123 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/343/pdf_191 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 45cdbfea08fb9a1d6dfb418fb8adede7