2026-08-10T17:47:47Z https://www.jital.org/index.php/index/oai

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/656 2026-06-06T06:36:20Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/20 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/21 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.www.jital.org:article/2 2015-05-23T07:30:11Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/10 2015-06-01T06:36:08Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.www.jital.org:article/1 2015-05-23T07:30:11Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/16 2015-06-01T06:36:08Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/12 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/729 2026-06-01T07:35:40Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/13 2015-06-01T06:35:13Z jital:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/126 2019-12-11T10:23:45Z jital:ART

An Application of TOPSIS Method for Financial Decision Making Process : A Research on Real Estate Investment Trusts Listed in Borsa Istanbul Özyeşil, Mustafa; İSTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY Borsa İstanbul, TOPSIS Method, Financial Ratios, Decision Making, Portfolio Management, REITs Managerial decision-making involves a difficult and complex process. Since executives shape the future of the company by making strategic decisions, it is vital that the decisions taken are accurate and efficient in terms of sustainability in the long term. Many managerial decision-making methods have been developed for companies to make the most accurate selection under multiple parameters and alternatives. In this study, the TOPSIS method, which is one of these methods, will examine how investors will choose the most reasonable one for investment from multiple companies. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2019-12-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/126 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 5, Issue 2 (2019): December; 70-80 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/126/pdf_77 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/567 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Examining the Influence of Employee Commitment on the Performance of Employees in Education Sector in Local Government Authorities (Lgas) in Tanzania Kitemi, Haruna; College of Business Education Employee Commitment, Creativity, Innovation, And Proactiveness, Performance of Employees This study investigated the influence of employee commitment, specifically focusing on creativity, innovation, and proactiveness, on the performance of employees in the education sector within Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania. Utilizing a cross-sectional research design, the study sampled 130 participants—30 management personnel selected through purposive sampling and 100 staff members using simple random sampling. Data were gathered via questionnaires for staff and in-depth interviews with management. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed significant positive relationships between the commitment variables and employee performance. Creativity had the highest impact with an unstandardized coefficient of 4.521 (p = 0.009) and a standardized Beta of 0.612, indicating that creative problem-solving substantially enhances performance. Innovation also significantly improved performance with an unstandardized coefficient of 3.218 (p = 0.020) and a Beta of 0.542, highlighting the importance of encouraging innovative practices. Proactiveness positively influenced performance as well, with an unstandardized coefficient of 2.492 (p = 0.039) and a Beta of 0.498, demonstrating the value of proactive employees. These findings emphasize the need for LGAs to foster a work culture that supports creativity, innovation, and proactiveness to boost employee performance. The study suggests that management should implement strategies such as training programs, recognition of innovative efforts, and opportunities for proactive engagement to enhance overall performance and achieve educational objectives more effectively.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/567 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 111-120 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/567/pdf_300 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/682 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

The Assessment of Functionality of National Electronic Procurement System of Tanzania (NeST) in Procurement Process on Local Governments. A case of Kinondoni Municipal Council Joseph, Julitha; College of Business Education-Dar es Salaam Masoud, Yussuf; College of Business Education Public Procurement Electronic Procurement system, Functionality, Local Government Authorities, Electronic Procurement This study assessed the functionality of the National Electronic Procurement System of Tanzania (NeST) in the procurement process at Kinondoni Municipal Council. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing questionnaires collected from 100 respondents and interviewing 15 key informants, including procurement officers, contract managers, compliance officers, and other system users. The quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Reliability of the research instruments was established through pre-testing and the computation of Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, all of which yielded values exceeding the recommended threshold of 0.7, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The findings indicated that NeST is largely functional, as most users rated its processing speed as moderate to fast and reported low error rates; however, challenges such as system downtime and limited automation persist. Overall, NeST was concluded to be a significant step forward in improving public procurement practices within local government authorities in Tanzania. Therefore, the government should implement appropriate measures to improve the system's speed and ensure that all procuring entities have reliable internet access, allowing users to utilize the system effectively. Moreover, the system should integrate with other systems that are used in procurement contract management. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative and Qualitative methods application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/682 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 304-315 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/682/pdf_366 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/67 2018-01-16T04:42:58Z jital:ART

Economic and Legal Aspects of Air Transport in Turkey Mihandoust, Gisoo; Istanbul Commerce University Kibritci Artar, Okşan; İstanbul Commerce University Taşçı, Mustafa Emre Aviation Economy, Aviation Sector, Carrier's Legal Responsibilities  The aviation sector has highlighted the importance of economic and legal regulations in conjunction with the changes in the conditions of competition with the acceleration of globalization. The regulations in the aviation sector directly or indirectly affect the airline operators, which is critical as a result of its effects on the economic systems of the countries. Legal responsibilities in terms of influencing passenger rights and competition law issues; has a natural impact on shaping aviation regulations, sector dynamics and competitive conditions which is effecting the dynamic structure of the sector. This study aims to examine the economic and legal aspects of air transportation carried out in Turkey and to contribute to the literature as a result of the researches. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-01-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/67 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 2 (2017): December; 12-19 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/67/pdf_35 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/228 2021-06-14T07:47:37Z jital:ART

Cross-border E-commerce in China Askar, Gulnigar; İstanbul Commerce University Cross-border E-commerce, Trade, The Belt and Road Initiative The Internet has built an economical and efficient communication "bridge" between buyers and sellers all around the world. With the rise of supporting technologies such as secure payment, order tracking, and customer service, the global e-commerce market has grown exponentially.As the leader of this growth trend, the scale of China's cross-border e-commerce market has shown an exponential growth trend. This is mainly due to two points: 1) the sudden release of cross-border consumer demand; 2) the relatively loose market regulatory environment. The development of online websites, social media, and logistics technology has also played a key role in promoting the development of cross-border e-commerce. Subsequently, the Chinese government further encouraged the development of cross-border e-commerce through measures such as building free trade zones and promoting the “The Belt and Road Initiative”. Companies such as Amazon and Tmall made full use of relevant policies to gradually gain a space in the free trade zone. The express delivery companies and third-party logistics companies occupying a strategically dominant position in the region have also started gearing up and trying to benefit from the growing trade activities along with the “The Belt and Road Initiative”.   Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Gulnigar Askar, İstanbul Commerce University, Department of International Commerce 2021-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/228 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): June; 113-117 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/228/pdf_126 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/228/44 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/310 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

The Effect of Technology Capacity Concept on Competitiveness in International Trade Narin, Kerim Tolgahan; Istanbul Commerce University Technology Capacity, Innovation, Change Management, International Trade, Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence, Firm Valuation For countries to produce products with high added value in international trade, they must integrate their technological competencies into their production systems. In addition, innovative technologies are one of the most important factors for firms and organizations that produce high-value-added products competing in the international market to be one step ahead of their competitors in the market. In the world, consumer behavior and expectations are changing very rapidly due to cultural transformations with the “next-gen culture” realities.Firms and organizations that carry out production and manufacturing activities in the international markets should integrate these dynamic customer expectations and requests into their processes in the fastest way, but with high technology. In addition to this situation, manpower and working culture also emerge as the most important concepts for the organization to benefit from the relevant technological investments at the maximum level. At this point, the concept of technology capacity emerges. The concept of technology capabilities can be used to differentiate or explain the organization's efficiency and capabilities against its competitors as many organizations did previously using different concepts: current production capacity, quality certifications, manpower capacity, and quality incompetence. In addition to this situation, it can be positioned as a new concept that firms that want to use these investments made by the field of technology in the market as a distinguishing factor in the field of competition, should measure within their existing organizations. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/310 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 133-153 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/310/pdf_173 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/503 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

Role of Entrepreneurship Training on Farmers' Intentions and Performance Tambwe, Mariam Ally; College of Business Education Business Entrepreneurial Intention, Entrepreneurship Training, Farmers, Performance, Tanzania Entrepreneurship This paper examines the effect of entrepreneurship training on orange farmers entrepreneurial intention and performance. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was adopted to test the interactional effect between entrepreneurship training and TPB constructs (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control and entrepreneurial intention. The study’s intentional entrepreneurship training model was built showing several relationships between entrepreneurship training, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control, entrepreneurial intention and performance. The survey was conducted to 245 small scale orange farmers in Muheza. To test the model, the study’s constructs were validated followed by factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Results show the significant influence of entrepreneurship training in the development of orange farmers’ entrepreneurial intention. Further, the findings validate the developed entrepreneurship training model and enhances the body of knowledge by highlighting the key skills required by farmers in entrepreneurship training programmes. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/503 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 30-43 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/503/pdf_269 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/503/112 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/401 2024-01-28T15:07:12Z jital:ART

War and Pandemic: Impact on Global Food Security Maharani, Tiara Devi; Republic of Indonesia Defense University Sarjito, Aris; Republic of Indonesia Defense University Marnani, Christine Sri; Universitas Pertamina Almubaroq, Hikmat Zakky; Republic of Indonesia Defense University Falefi, Reinpal; Republic of Indonesia Defense University COVID-19, Russia-Ukraine, War, Global, Food Security The Covid-19 pandemic and ongoing war between Russia-Ukraine have impacted global food security and had significant impact on global food supply disruption. These challanges has had significant impact on six key areas including food production, processing and storage; food transport and logistics; food markets; consumers; food-dependent services; and food quality. Europe and Africa are the regions that have been most significantly affected. The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine on the worldwide food security situation. The data underwent analysis and comprehensive examination from exsisting literature over the course of the year 2022. The study findings indicate that the Russia-Ukraine conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on global food supply disruptions. The ongoing conflict poses a threat to the realization of SDGs related to poverty, hunger, and responsible consumption and production. Therefore, governments can take public policy and education actions to address these challenges as strategic measures. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/401 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 84-93 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/401/pdf_221 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/634 2025-11-27T14:47:10Z jital:ART

Literature Review on the Impact of Playful Work Design on Psychological Well-Being Obakan Tala, Miray; Yıldız Technical University Esen, Emel; Yıldız Technical University Business Administration;Organizational Behavior Playful Work Design, Psychological Well-being, Playfulness Business Administration; Organizational Behavior;Psychological Well-Being Individuals can use various tactics to positively influence their psychological well-being in both personal and professional life. One of the tactics is playful work design. Regarding the numerous positive outcomes of psychological well-being in the workplace, such as motivation, performance, and job engagement, identifying its antecedents is crucial. The analysis of relevant studies indicates that playful work design allows workers to enjoy their work more, have a better relationships with others, enhance their motivation, boost creativity, and cope more effectively with stress and challenges, ultimately improve their psychological well-being. Therefore, the study highlights the role of Self-Determination Theory, developed by Ryan and Deci (2011), in explaining the impact of playful work design  on psychological well-being. This research contributes to the literature by providing a structured synthesis of previous studies and offering directions for future research.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law None 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Literature review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/634 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 1-8 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/634/pdf_332 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/634/140 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/158 2020-06-02T13:49:21Z jital:ART

Effects of COVID-19 on China and the World Economy: Birth Pains of the Post-Digital Ecosystem Xiarewana, Baikeli; İstanbul Commerce University Civelek, Mustafa Emre; İstanbul Commerce University Global Pandemic, Digital Economy, Post-Digital Ecosystem, COVID-19 Especially with the emergence of the digital economy in the last two decades, unprecedented changes in technology have come to the fore. Technology-induced unemployment has spread all over the world because developments in digitalization and automation reduced the need for human in all business lines. Digital economy has also shown its effects as changes in the lifestyles. Therefore, it called new ecosocial system. However, beyond the new ecosocial system, humanity awaits a new system as post-digital ecosystem. Most probably this transition would occur in an agonizing way. In the post-digital ecosystem, production methods are changing radically, and thus, due to the recent advancements in artificial intelligence technology, machines increasingly take over the jobs of humans. The steady upward trend in unemployment has made economic inequality a chronic problem in the society. The pandemic has the role of a catalyst that accelerates the emergence of the destructive effects of digital economy and augments these effects. After the pandemic, the post-digital ecosystem will rise from the ruins of the collapsing capitalist system. The purpose of this article is to attract attention to the future economic problems within the context of the pandemic. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/158 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 147-157 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/158/pdf_93 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/588 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Unmasking Greenwashing: The Impact on Financial Performance and the Mediating Role of Green Reputation Özçınar, Berk; Yıldız Technical University Esen, Emel; Yıldız Technical University Sustainability, corporate sustainability, organizational management greenwashing, green reputation, financial performance, BIST sustainability index Sustainability Greenwashing, defined as the misleading and unsubstantiated claims made by companies to appear environmentally responsible, can have multiple effects on companies. This study examines the influence of greenwashing perceptions on financial performance, with a particular focus on the mediating role of green reputation. Data were collected through a survey of 218 employees of companies listed on the Borsa Istanbul Sustainability Index. The results show that companies that engage in less greenwashing not only experience better financial performance, but also that green reputation plays a crucial mediating role in this dynamic. Companies with stronger green reputations mitigate the negative effects of greenwashing, thereby strengthening their financial performance. The study underlines that greenwashing can undermine perceptions of corporate sustainability, weaken trust and damage financial outcomes. By prioritizing authentic sustainability efforts, companies can improve their long-term financial performance and protect their green reputation, which is essential for sustainable success. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Yıldız Technical University 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research article application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/588 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 279-293 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/588/pdf_316 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/708 2026-06-06T06:36:22Z jital:ART

Understanding the Employee Exit Experience: A Multi-Theoretical and Multi-Stage Review Güney, Kağan; Demiroglu Bilim University Esen, Emel; Yildiz Technical University Organisational Behaviour Exit experience; Turnover; Offboarding; Employer reputation Employee turnover research has traditionally focused on antecedents and outcomes, overlooking the subjective, emotional, and relational dimensions of how employees experience organisational exit. This review reconceptualises the employee exit experience as a temporally extended, multi-stage process encompassing pre-exit cognitive and emotional disengagement, interactional and procedural dynamics during the transition, and post-exit identity reconstruction and narrative formation, integrating five theoretical perspectives, which are the Unfolding Model of Turnover, Psychological Contract Theory, Social Exchange Theory, Employee Voice Theory, and Affective Events Theory. The review proposes a multi-theoretical framework that captures the cognitive, affective, and reputational complexities of exit. The review highlights how pre-exit factors, such as job dissatisfaction, organisational commitment, and perceived support, shape disengagement; how interactional fairness and communication during offboarding influence the affective tone; and how post-exit storytelling and alums relationships impact organisational reputation and talent attraction. It concludes by identifying key research gaps, including the need for qualitative, longitudinal, and cross-cultural studies that examine exit dynamics and reputational spillovers in transparent labour markets. Overall, this review positions the employee exit experience as a strategic and relational phenomenon, reframing exit not as an endpoint but as an ongoing process with enduring implications for individual identity, organisational culture, and employer reputation. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law TÜBİTAK 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Literature Review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/708 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 107-115 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/708/pdf_383 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/87 2018-06-21T04:45:06Z jital:ART

Power Consumption Estimation Using Artificial Neural Networks: The Case of Turkey Metin, Havva Hilal; Istanbul Commerce University Kaçtıoğlu, Sibkat Electric energy, prediction, future, artificial neural networks, electricity consumption estimation. A significant proportion of the world energy consumption is by developing countries. As a developing country, Turkey is one of the leading countries in terms of the increase in energy demand. According to the data from the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, Turkey is the country with the greatest increase in demand after China in electricity and natural gas consumption since 2000. In 1970, the ratio of total energy production to consumption in Turkey was 76%. In year 2000, this ratio dropped down to 35%, in year 2010 to 26% and predicted to come down to 23% by year 2020. This situation indicates an increase in Turkey’s energy dependency every passing year and the need to implement solutions to reduce this dependency. Today, electric energy has become a very critical and indispensable part of the development of technology. Production and consumption of electrical energy, which facilitates human life and increases labour productivity, are increasing every year. Electricity is a versatile and easily controlled form of energy. Electricity is practically non-existent and non-polluting at the point of use. Electricity can be cleanly produced by completely renewable methods such as wind, water and sunlight at the production point. Electricity market has a unique feature compared to other commodities. This feature requires the consumption of electricity when it is produced. Forecasting the future consumption of electricity in Turkey is crucial in making strategic plans for the future and taking the necessary measures. In Turkey, the consumption of electricity in the estimation studies were generally observed that the use of long-term electricity consumption prediction method of neural networks. In some studies, the results obtained by artificial neural network method are compared with Box-Jenkins models and regression technique. As a result of comparison, artificial neural networks seem to be a good predictor of electricity consumption. In this study, electrical consumption is modelled by using artificial neural network method and the results are discussed. In the application, the four main factors that affect the electricity consumption in Turkey is considered as independent variables. These independent variables are; Population, Imports, Exports, Gross Domestic Product (GDP). How these independent variables affect the electricity consumption in the country was found as the result of the tests made and the results were evaluated. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Havva Hilal Metin, Istanbul Commerce University Master Programs, Department of Industrial Engineering 2018-05-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/87 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 1 (2018): June; 81-91 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/87/pdf_51 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/266 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

Relevance of African Socio-Cultural Values in Curbing Corruption in Public Procurement Sama, Hamisi Kileo; College of Business Education Logistics; Law African Socio-Cultural Values, Corruption, Public Procurement Procurement  The paper aims at determine the relevance of African socio cultural values in curbing corruption in public procurement. The hypotheses tested in this study were adopted from review of literature in a cross sectional study. Confirmatory Factor analysis was used to confirm, reduce and simplify data, in regression models and test the existence of well-defined dimensions of African socio-cultural values in curbing corruption in public procurement. The empirical findings indicate that of the three variables which are social values, cultural value and self efficacy are significant factors in influencing transparency, accountability and ethical compliances in curbing corruption in public procurement. The implication of the findings indicate that for curbing corruption in public procurement to be improved, focus needs to be placed on inclusion of socio cultural values in public procurement reforms.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion cross-sectional survey design and quantitative approach application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/266 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 37-47 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/266/pdf_141 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/435 2023-12-01T07:30:07Z jital:ART

Artifıcial Intelligence Integration of Large Logistics Companies Battal, Mehtap; Bahcesehir University (Part-Time) Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences Logistics, Artificial Intelligence, Integration, Digitalization Management In the digital world with a focus on customer experience, the journey that begins in the virtual realm is completed with a positive impact when it turns into a physical experience, thanks to successful operations in logistics processes. The purpose of this article is to systematically examine the integration of artificial intelligence into processes in logistics management within the supply chain, thereby providing a framework for businesses in the industry. The main motivation for the methodology developed through the process-technology alignment in logistics management is derived from existing research in the literature. The seven areas in logistics management identified by Mentzer et al. (2008) serve as the theoretical guiding principles and foundation of this study. Building upon this foundation, the research question of how companies can achieve the integration of artificial intelligence in logistics management domains has been answered. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Conceptual application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/435 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 273-281 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/435/pdf_237 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/337 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

Diversity of National Legal Approaches for Protection of Geographical Indication in Africa: Rethinking the Best Option for Tanzania Ndunguru, Adrian Fulko; COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION -DODOMA TANZANIA Haule, Romuald Mwanga, Elia This paper is intended to study various approaches of legal framework for protection of geographical indications as applied in different countries with the view of ascertaining the strength and weakness of each approach in order to recommended the right approach for Tanzania. The main problem which prompted the study is results from flexibility of the system for protection of geographical indications allowed by the WTO Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights of 1994 The study was centered on the main objective of examining three approaches of protection of geographical indications which trademark system, sue generis system and the unfair competition system.On part of methodology, the study is qualitative in nature and uses mainly secondary date derived by using documentary review of various international legal instruments, reports, legal text books, articles and conference papers based on protection of geographical indications. Data were analyzed by using content analysis in which the researcher sorted data basing on the relevancy of the content on the study objectives of the study. Generally, the findings has revealed that, apparently states protects geographical indications by using trademark laws, sue generis or specific laws and unfair competition system. However, the more comprehensive and effective approach that Tanzania can adopt is the sue generis system because it provided for specific standards for protection of geographical indications which cannot be mixed with trade mark or competition laws. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/337 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 98-110 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/337/pdf_189 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/766 2026-06-06T06:36:23Z jital:ART

Green Marketing and Consumer Trust: The Normative Foundations of Ethical Transformation Tunçman, Mehmet Mert; Independent Researcher Business & Management: Marketing;Business Ethics;Sustainability Studies;Consumer Law Green marketing; greenwashing; consumer trust; environmental claims;legal oversight M10 – General; M31 – Marketing; M38 – Government Policy and Regulation This study argues that the relationship between green marketing and consumer trust must be understood not only through ethical discourse but also through legal oversight and verifiable environmental claims. As sustainability becomes increasingly central to brand positioning and competitive differentiation, consumers evaluate not only product attributes but also the credibility, consistency, and reliability of environmental claims. However, the growing prevalence of such claims has intensified concerns over greenwashing, leading to increased skepticism and weakening trust. This study uses an integrative conceptual approach, synthesizing marketing literature with global regulatory standards to develop a framework that aligns environmental brand claims with legal verifiability. Adopting a theoretical and conceptual approach, the study integrates an extensive literature review with a complementary regulatory perspective. It proposes that consumer trust in green marketing is shaped by three key dimensions: transparency, accountability, and normative alignment. Transparency refers to the clarity, comparability, and verifiability of environmental claims; accountability emphasizes monitoring, reporting, and third-party verification mechanisms; and normative alignment reflects the integration of sustainability principles into corporate strategies and decision-making processes. These dimensions are conceptualized as core drivers of trust formation, as they enhance the credibility of marketing communication and ensure consistency between corporate claims and actual practices. Although not treated as a primary focus, legal oversight provides an institutional framework that reinforces the credibility, comparability, and verifiability of environmental claims. Ultimately, the article argues that trust in green marketing is not merely a communicative promise but a multi-layered governance outcome that is legally supported and internalized at the organizational level. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Theoretical and Conceptual application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/766 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 344-352 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/766/pdf_403 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/766/183 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/766/185 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/529 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

International Sales Management: The Importance of a Cross-Cultural Approach Masoodifar, Mahmood Yildirim, Figen Marketing, International Sales Management, Cross-Cultural Approach, Globalization, Digital Sales This essay delves into the importance of cross-cultural approaches in international sales management, which is becoming increasingly significant in the globalized business environment. This essay explores how cultural nuances significantly influence sales strategies in international markets through a comprehensive literature review, including seminal works by Hofstede (1980) and Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner (1997). The study uses qualitative insights from industry experts and quantitative data from sales professionals, enriched by case studies of multinational corporations.The key findings of this study underscore the indispensability of cultural intelligence, as defined by Ang et al. (2006), in developing effective cross-cultural sales strategies. It highlights the common challenges in cross-cultural sales, such as communication barriers and cultural biases, and proposes strategies like cultural training and flexible business models to mitigate these issues. The analysis of practical cases, supported by Shankar et al. (2008) and Zhang & Waring (2017), illustrates the successful applications of these strategies.The discussion emphasizes the implications for practitioners in international sales management, advocating for continuous adaptation and learning in diverse cultural landscapes. While acknowledging the limitations of its scope, the essay concludes by suggesting areas for future research, particularly in emerging markets and digital sales platforms.Overall, this study contributes to the field by bridging theoretical frameworks with practical applications, offering valuable insights for academic and practical fields in international sales management. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/529 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 229-235 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/529/pdf_285 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/657 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

Reshaping Global Supply Chain Fragmentation: The Geopolitics–Digitalization-Sustainability Nexus İn Ethiopia Demeke, Chekole Sete; Yunnan University of Finance and Economics project management Geopolitics, Digitalization, Sustainability, Supply Chain Fragmentation, Resilience, Trade Policy, Ethiopia international trade This study critically explores how the interdependent forces of geopolitical uncertainty, digital fragmentation, and climate vulnerability, termed the “triple nexus, " reshape Ethiopia’s role within increasingly fragmented global supply chains. As a landlocked economy at the crossroads of major regional initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), and the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), Ethiopia presents a unique case of both strategic potential and structural fragility. Utilizing a systematic literature review guided by PRISMA protocols, the research synthesizes multidisciplinary evidence to assess how escalating regional conflicts, trade policy volatility, and overdependence on the Djibouti corridor expose Ethiopia’s logistics networks to chronic disruptions. Concurrently, pervasive digital divides limit the adoption of traceability and automation technologies, while reliance on foreign infrastructure raises data sovereignty concerns. Sustainability pressures, including climate-related export shocks and weak labor governance, further challenge the country’s competitiveness under evolving Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards. In response, the study proposes an integrated institutional resilience framework anchored in geo-economics, digital inclusion, and sustainability law. It identifies actionable strategies such as corridor diversification, rural digitalization, and green industrial policy. The findings underscore that for Ethiopia, and similarly positioned economies, addressing the triple nexus is no longer optional but essential to achieving resilient, inclusive, and future-ready supply chain integration. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion systematic literature review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/657 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 141-149 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/657/pdf_350 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/657/142 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/49 2016-12-14T06:27:52Z jital:ART

The Impact of the Airline Freight Transportation on GDP in Turkey Kibritçi Artar, Okşan; Istanbul Commerce University Uca, Nagehan; Istanbul Commerce University Taşçı, Mustafa Emre; Istanbul Commerce University Logistics, Air Transportation, GDP, Economic Utility, Panel data analysis, airline freight E60, L93 The demand of passenger and freight transportation has been increasing tremendously each day due to the globalization process. Therefore, the acceleration in the transportation demand has a natural impact on the distances that the freights have been carried through in overall. In this prospect, international logistics provides an economic utility from the sustainability viewpoint in the global competition arena. World-wide supply and distribution channels have become so sophisticated, resulting in having vitality in the field therefore boosting its share in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). High impact of liberalization in the air transportation markets has been affecting the market of Turkey as well as USA and EU. Moreover, it is one of the industries that have survived from the global financial crises which is also critical from the competition based strategies. In this study, the relation between the GDP and the air freight traffic of Turkey has been analyzed by using an econometric model. As a result, it has been found that there is a statistically significant relationship between those parameters. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2016-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Panel data analysis application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/49 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 2, Issue 2 (2016): December; 143-148 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/49/pdf_23 Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/207 2020-12-21T15:30:14Z jital:ART

The Impact of Zero Moment of Truth (Zmot) on Smartphone Buying Decision Biçer, Furkan; Bahcesehir University Consumer Buying Process; Zero Moment of Truth; Stimulus With the advent of the Internet, consumer buying process has changed dramatically. Consumer’s buying habits are influenced by digital medium to a large extent. Online peer reviews, which are also known as Zero Moment of Truth (ZMoT) play a significant role in deciding whether to buy or not buy from a particular brand. This study investigates the consumer buying decision process in smartphone purchase decision. Triggered by stimulus, ZMoT and the subsequent stages are analyzed to find out relative importance of each stage in consumer buying decision in now always-connected digitized world. The survey was conducted against 241 Turkish smartphone owners residing in Istanbul, who have made a purchase in the last six months. An analysis is made to assess the relative importance of each stage in the buying process according to different demographic factors. The results indicate the key role of ZMoT among all stages in consumer buying process. The results also demonstrate ZMoT is more influential in some of the demographic factors. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/207 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 2 (2020): December; 153-167 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/207/pdf_108 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/290 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

The Relationship between the Real Effective Exchange Rate and Industrial Production in the Turkish Economy Kibritci Artar, Okşan; Istanbul Commerce University Industrial Production, Real Effective Exchange Rate, Economic Policies The industrial sector is one of the key sectors for the Turkish economy in terms of production, employment and exports. The volatility in the exchange rate in the Turkish economy has important effects on industrial production, as well as many economic variables. The main purpose of this study is to empirically analyse the effects of real effective exchange rate on industrial production for the Turkish economy in the 2009M08-2022M01 period. According to the results of the study, the real effective exchange rate adversely affects the industrial production in the Turkish economy. Other things being equal, the depreciation of the domestic currency increases the foreign demand for industrial products, in line with the economic theory. Considering these relations between real effective exchange rate and industrial production while designing economic policies is important for sustainable economic growth.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/290 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 198-203 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/290/pdf_157 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/745 2026-06-15T15:18:01Z jital:ART

B2B Customer Satisfaction: Customer Journey Management Capability, CSR and Value Co-Creation Fidan, Mustafa Suat; Yildiz Technical University Kırcova, İbrahim; Yildiz Technical University Business Administration; Marketing B2B Marketing, Customer Journey Management, Corporate Social Responsibility, Value Co-Creation, Customer Satisfaction This study aims to validate the measurement model of a sequential conceptual mechanism designed to explain the formation of customer satisfaction in B2B (business-to-business) markets. The model proposes a theoretical causal flow explaining how Customer Journey Management Capability (CJMC) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices translate into customer satisfaction (CS) through Value Co-Creation (VcC). Within this framework, the distinction between Philanthropic CSR (PCSR) and Business practice CSR (BCSR) constitutes one of the fundamental building blocks of the mechanism. Furthermore, the study incorporates the role of the changing balance between digital and physical touchpoints (DvsPTP) into the model. The present study does not aim to test the structural model; rather, it focuses on validating the measurement properties of the proposed framework prior to the main study. Accordingly, in a pilot study conducted with a sample of n = 48, the PLS-SEM approach was utilized. The measurement model was analyzed using SmartPLS 4 software, the validity and reliability of the measurement model were established, and the reflective nature of the constructs was confirmed through Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis (CTA). The findings provide strong preliminary empirical evidence regarding the theoretical consistency of the proposed conceptual mechanism and establish a methodological foundation for large-sample structural model testing in future research. This study contributes to the B2B literature by offering a measurement-oriented preliminary validation of a novel sequential conceptual mechanism. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Empirical research; PLS-SEM application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/745 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 316-326 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/745/pdf_400 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/745/167 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/745/168 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/115 2019-06-13T10:46:14Z jital:ART

Representative Democracy Elections Haxhiu, Sadik; University “ Kadri Zeka” Gjilan Meha, Arbresha Parliamentary, Presidential, Local, Indirect, Representative Democracy The elections legitimize the will of the citizens to represent them in the representative bodies. This legitimacy comes through various forms of electoral processes. These processes take place in various forms, depending on constitutional and legal definitions on the one hand and political culture on the other. Political culture develops parallel to the development of representative democracy. During the development of political pluralism and the multi-party system there are different types of election organization, depending on the elected representative body, the level of power to be elected, the manner of election of the representative bodies and the time of their holding. Based on the elected representative body we have: parliamentary and presidential elections. According to the level of state bodies we choose, we have: local elections and central elections. According to the election method we have: direct and indirect elections. According to certain time intervals we have: regular and extraordinary regular elections. All these types of elections are organized based on the particular electoral legislation, election management and the electorate expressing their free will. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2019-06-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/115 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 5, Issue 1 (2019): June; 12-20 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/115/pdf_67 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/461 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

The Regional Economic Determinants Effects on Stock Market Volatility: Case of la Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (Brvm) Stock Exchange Ouattara, Zoumana; ISTANBUL TICARET UNIVERSITY Koy, Ayben; İSTANBUL TİCARET ÜNİVERSİTESİ FINANCE; ECONOMICS BRVM Stock Exchange, Regional Economic determinants, Stock market volatility, Investment Decisions G15 This paper analyzes the effects of regional economic determinants on stock market volatility especially for the BRVM Stock Exchange by using Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models with the data from March 2005 to September 2023. The effects of economic determinants as the USD exchange rate, CNY exchange rate, inflation rate, and average interest rate on credits on stock market volatility is tested with GARCH (1,1) models. The results show complex relationships, including an inverse relationship between stock market volatility, the USD rate, the CNY rate and AIR rate. However, inflation rate has a significant impact on stock market volatility. In the dynamic landscape of the BRVM Stock Exchange, the study offers useful insights for risk management, policy considerations, and investment decisions enabling market participants to make appropriate decisions. Moreover, the study's outcomes bear relevance to policymakers, offering guidance for shaping economic policies that may influence stock market dynamics. Additionally, investors may benefit from the research by getting a broad view of the determinants that may affect stock prices, thereby enhancing their ability to formulate sound investment strategies. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion GARCH application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/461 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 149-158 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/461/pdf_253 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/368 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

The Mediator Role of Global Competitiveness in the Relationship between High Technology Export and Coverage Ratio Aykaç, Selim; İstanbul Commerce University Civelek, Mustafa Emre high tech export, Global Competitiveness Index, coverage ratio, mediator role high tech Global Competitiveness Index, high technology exports and coverage ratio variables were used in the study. The effects of high technology exports on the Global Competitiveness Index and coverage ratio, and the effects of the Global Competitiveness Index on the coverage ratio were analysed. Positive effects of the analyses were observed. It is also assumed that the coverage ratio is one of the most important criteria of foreign trade performance. In the study, it is seen that the Global Competitiveness Index plays an intermediary role in the effect of technology exports on the coverage ratio. Therefore, the increase in the share of technology exports in total trade affects the coverage ratio through the partial effect of the Global Competitiveness level. Therefore, it is assumed that the technological infrastructure and competitiveness of countries will play a key role in improving foreign trade performance. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/368 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 251-260 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/368/pdf_205 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/677 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

Characteristics of Child Murder in Deep Article 460 of the 2023 Criminal Code Based on Dignity Justice Slamet, Slamet; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Prasetyo, Teguh Mangesti, Yovita Arie; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law Child Murder, Criminal Code 2023, Article 460, Dignity Justice, Child Protection law Child murder is a criminal act that has very complex legal, social, psychological, and moral dimensions, considering that children are a group that is physically and psychologically in the most vulnerable position. The 2023 Criminal Code through Article 460 presents an important breakthrough by providing special provisions related to child murder, which is different from ordinary murder. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the crime of child murder as stipulated in Article 460 of the 2023 Criminal Code and examine its relevance to the principle   of dignified justice. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that Article 460 of the 2023 Criminal Code has three main characteristics, namely: (1) the existence of special protection for children as victims of criminal acts, (2) criminal aggravation as a form of stricter legal protection, and (3) an orientation to dignified justice that balances the interests of perpetrators, victims, and society and emphasizes respect for human dignity. Furthermore, this article not only functions as a repressive norm but also as a moral and educational instrument in upholding human values and protecting children's rights. In conclusion, Article 460 of the 2023 Criminal Code is a form of progressive progress in Indonesia's criminal law politics, although the success of its implementation still depends heavily on the consistency of law enforcement officials, the effectiveness of the criminal justice system, and public awareness in respecting children's rights. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The type of research used is normative legal research. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/677 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 249-257 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/677/pdf_361 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/54 2017-06-10T08:33:36Z jital:ART

Contracts Constituting Barter System Saka, Nurdan; İstanbul Bar Association Barter System, Barter Membership Contract, Barter Contract By the invention of money trading contract lost its popularity and left its place to sales contracts. Sales contracts have maintained their place for centuries. However, while performing them some difficulties arisen since the interest has become effective in actual payment of sales contracts. The cost of the money has increased with the effect of interest and has caused great economic problems. The barter system has been invented in the economies of the developed countries as a result of big troubles and become a promising financing instrument. Barter membership contract and barter contract, which is my thesis study, is an issue that is not regulated in Turkish law and has not been studied much. This article is written to introduce the barter system and the contracts constituting this system. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2017-06-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/54 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 1 (2017): June; 51-61 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/54/pdf_29 Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/222 2021-06-14T07:47:37Z jital:ART

Progress of Regional Economic Integration in East Africa Yusuf, Abdulmalik Abukar; Istanbul commerce university Regional Economic integration, trade, Regional integration East African countries are deeply committed to adopting and implementing regional integration initiatives, which are viewed as a common approach for the region's growth. At the regional level, the main goal is to create the Economic Community as the sixth and final stage of integration, which includes increasing inter-sectoral coordination and establishing regional free trade zones, common market, economic union, and monetary union spanning the entire continent. In this article, we will look at their priorities, major accomplishments, and problems, as well as the progress achieved in the integration process and the threats it faces. The theoretical section of this research was carried out in Africa, specifically East Africa. The research data came from articles and document analysis. There were also secondary sources used. The research is one of the first to evaluate integration areas in East Africa that could lead to faster integration. It assists organizations such as IGAD, COMESA, and EAC in revising or reassessing their strategies, as well as their institutional weaknesses and strengths, in order to achieve their integration objective successfully. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion secondary sources application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/222 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): June; 67-74 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/222/pdf_121 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/222/41 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/302 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

Investigating the Impacts of Chinese Investments on the Global Competitiveness of Sub-Saharan Countries Alio, Imam Hissein; Istanbul Commerce University Sağlam, Mehmet; Istanbul Commerce University International Trade China, Sub-Saharan Africa, Investment, Global Competitiveness M30 The main objective of this study is to shed light on the effects of Chinese investments on the global competitiveness of Sub-Saharan Africa, specifically Chad, Ethiopia, and Ghana. The study employs a qualitative technique based on depth semi-structured interviews. In the in-depth interviews with field professionals and experts, four questions were asked to one participant from each country. The depth interviews show that Ghana and Ethiopia have the most competitive potential respectively. On the other hand, Chad has no chance of competing due to limited resources. While Chad is characterized by poor governance and limited economic freedom, Ghana and Ethiopia have relatively a large capacity to attract foreign investment. China, as a strong competitor, uses various strategies to beat local rivals in Chad, Ethiopia, and Ghana. In this regard, it offers a wide range of products of average quality at affordable prices to customers in Chad and Ethiopia, while benefiting from large-scale production, economies of scale, and tax breaks in Ghana. With this, local investors are unable to compete with China, which negatively impact the local markets to flourish, especially in the long run.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Research Article, Qualitative, Depth Interview application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/302 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 78-90 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/302/pdf_168 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/496 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

The Relation Between Green Supply Chain Management and Sustainable Performance Gök Acar, Sinem Çemberci, Murat Green Supply Chain Management, Sustainable Performance Emerging corporate concerns regarding the environmental climate crisis in recent years have encouraged the use of green supply chain management (GSCM) that aims to reduce environmental damage while maintaining efficiency in the supply chain. It is anticipated that companies will contribute to sustainable performance by gaining a competitive advantage in the market and further strengthening cooperation with supply chain management, thanks to green practices. We tested our research hypotheses using variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) with survey data collected using a web-based pre-tested instrument from 105 respondents from supply chain employed by various industries in Turkey. The findings indicate that green supply chain management has a positive effect on sustainable performance. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/496 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 304-308 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/496/pdf_264 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/386 2024-01-01T05:15:43Z jital:ART

Marketing Practices and Coffee Post-Harvest Value Chain Performance among Smallholder Farmers in Moshi District Tanzania Danieli, Getrude John; College of Business Education (CBE) Kazungu, Isaac Markerting; Value chain marketing transaction costs, coffee smallholder farmers, post-harvest value chain performance Coffee Post harvest value chain performance Coffee is a dependable source of direct cash income for about four (4) million Tanzanians. Improving marketing practices for smallholder farmers is important in the coffee value chain, especially on the deployment of marketing activities to achieve better coffee post-harvest value chain performance. This empirical study assessed the contribution of marketing practices on coffee post-harvest value chain performance in Moshi District-Tanzania. A cross-section research design was adopted and a sample of 215 coffee smallholder farmers was obtained through multi-stage sampling technique. A questionnaire and key informants' interview guide were used as data collection tools. Qualitative data were analysed through the constant comparison content analysis method. Quantitative data were analysed through descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression. It was revealed that, marketing transaction costs influenced coffee post-harvest value chain performance in terms of profits, output sales and post-harvest losses. Therefore, it is recommended that the Government and other stakeholders should create favourable marketing environment to smallholder farmers, market liberalisation to allow competition and reduction of marketing transaction costs. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Cross-sectional Research Design application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/386 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 50-57 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/386/pdf_216 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/605 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

The Effects of Auditors’ Credibility and the Implementation of Audit Recommendations in Enhancing Procurement Performance in Tanzania Kellya, Emanuel Remyston; Mzumbe University Nsimbila, Paul Maganga; Mzumbe University Procurement and Supply Chain Management Keywords: Audit, credibility, independent, procurement, recommendations Business Administration The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of auditors’ credibility and the implementation of audit recommendations in enhancing procurement performance in Tanzania. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were employed to obtain a sample size of 132 respondents drawn from four Local Government Authorities (LGAs). Data were collected through questionnaires, documentary review, and interviews. Data were analyzed using content analysis, descriptive analysis, and multiple regression analysis. On one hand, study findings revealed that LGAs do not provide sufficient training to internal auditors on procurement-related matters, internal auditors are not fully independent in discharging their duties, and there is a knowledge gap among auditors in terms of their professionalism and understanding of procurement laws and regulations. On the other hand, the study revealed inefficient implementation of procurement audit recommendations, staff implicated for procurement malpractices are not punished accordingly, and audited organizations do not train their staff to bridge the knowledge gap identified by auditors. Moreover, there is infrequent monitoring of LGAs through auditing. This study is limited in terms of scope as it covered four LGAs out of 184 in Tanzania. Hence, these findings can’t be used to generalize to all LGAs. Auditors should be updated on procurement matters and be independent both financially and in their reporting structure. Also, audited entities should be committed to implementing all issued audit recommendations. This paper is an excerpt of the Master's dissertation and adds value to the public on the continued unsatisfactory procurement performance of audited Procuring Entities despite frequent auditing and recommendations issued Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion cross-sectional research design application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/605 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 395-403 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/605/pdf_326 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/134 2020-06-02T13:49:21Z jital:ART

Tax and Subsidy Policy Model for Achieving a Tobacco-Free Nation Whakeshum, Sisay Tolla; Jimma University Economics; Economic Policy Analysis Tax Policy, Subsidy Policy, Tobacco Control Economic Policy Analysis Tobacco use or cigarette smoking has predominantly unenthusiastic effects on human wellbeing causing diminished overall health welfare, minimized labour productivity and efficiency, and augmented health care cost. Recognized health and socio-economic outlays of smoking, countries began to intervene in the market of tobacco by the use of price and tax procedures with the intention of tumbling tobacco consumption and exposure. However, these interventions have featured some controversies on essential issues like freedom and utility concern from consumers and unemployment worries from producers and vendors. Therefore, to address these arguments the researcher developed intervention policies entitled “Policy Model of Tax and Subsidy to Achieve Sustainable Tobacco Control” well-thought-out tax and subsidy policies as a complement rather than substitute strategies to have a comprehensive campaign on controlling tobacco consumption and exploitation. Furthermore, the developed model can openly apply to other damaging products like khat, cocaine, etc.   Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Model Formation application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/134 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 100-105 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/134/pdf_88 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/583 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Global Value Chains and Export Growth in Türkiye Osmanoğlu, Elif; Department of International Trade Institute of Foreign of Trade Istanbul Ticaret University Global Value Chains; Export Growth; Economic Growth; Globalization; Turkey With its emphasis on expanding its role in the global value chain and growing exports, Türkiye has taken important steps towards economic growth. Along the way, Türkiye has recognized that the products it exports need to create more economic value and has faced a number of challenges in this regard. This study examines Türkiye's adaptation to the global value chain and how this adaptation has contributed to the Turkish export growth. Applying the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Modelling technique and time series data from 1990 to 2018, the study finds that the participation in the global value chain has a positive impact on Türkiye’s export growth in the long run, but in the short run, it can increase its external dependence and create trade imbalances. Moreover, the results show that growth in exports leads to economic growth, and there is a bidirectional causality relationship between the two.  Apart from this, innovation, R&D and technology investments through foreign direct investment are seen to strengthen the alignment with the global value chain and support export growth. Based on thses findings, the study concludes that the Turkey's adaptation to the global value chain and its export targets with high economic value can make economic growth sustainable. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/583 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 224-235 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/583/pdf_311 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/702 2026-06-06T06:36:22Z jital:ART

The Meaning of Offence by Supernatural Powers in Law Number 1 of 2023 Concerning the Criminal Code Okoka, Bernadus; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Suhartono, Slamet; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law criminal; supernatural; assault law Etymologically, supernatural powers are synonymous with the term "supernatural power," as they are beyond human comprehension. Supernatural powers can manifest in various forms, such as magical abilities, which are exercised with the aid of unseen forces. Supernatural powers are commonly found in various spiritual traditions of traditional rural and remote communities that still believe in supernatural powers. Supernatural powers are usually associated with powers wielded by demons or jinn, which can be commanded through prayers and specific offerings. In Islamic religious concepts, supernatural powers are believed to originate from Allah SWT, such as miracles, blessings, and the like. In religions other than Islam, supernatural powers are interpreted as powers born from specific prayers offered to the Creator, or even in dynamism beliefs, supernatural powers rely on the power of certain objects, such as stones, large trees, and the like. In certain traditions, such as Javanese society, supernatural powers are often referred to as "santet." Black magic is defined as magic used to harm others. It is a occult practice believed to inflict illness or suffering on victims through supernatural powers. This research is a normative legal research. The reconstruction of the formulation of criminal offenses is carried out by making changes to the provisions of Article 252 of the National Criminal Procedure Code, by adding the provisions of paragraph (3) which are worded as follows: "If the act as referred to in paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) results in psychological or physical injury and/or death of a person, the perpetrator shall be subject to criminal sanctions for assault, serious assault and/or premeditated murder with the threat of a special conditional criminal sentence. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion This research is a normative legal research application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/702 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 63-67 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/702/pdf_378 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/78 2018-06-21T04:45:06Z jital:ART

Embeddedness Configuration and its’ Relations to Inter-Firm connectivity in Supply Network: A Social Network Analysis Approach Osman, Lokhman Hakim; universiti kebangsaan malaysia OPERATION MANAGEMENT Supply Network, Embeddedness, Relational Capital, Supply Chain, Social Network Analysis Business This is a network exploratory  research looking at determining the different pattern of connectivity that may exist in a buyer supplier relationship of the supply network and how these differences affects the pattern of inter-firm positioning in the network.  Specifically, to address the lack of theoretical work on how connections in the supply network influence supply network outcome, this research examines how different buyer-supplier embeddedness configuration in the different type of buyer supplier network relations pertains to the different pattern of connectivity that may exist in a buyer supplier relationship of the supply network.  This research adopted the social network analysis methodology from the field of sociology.  Findings showed that the embeddedness configuration of firms differ depending on the type of network relations.  Future research should attempt to conduct statistical test of the relationship posted in this study. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Malaysia Palm Oil Board 2018-05-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Quantitative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/78 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 1 (2018): June; 31-43 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/78/pdf_46 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/253 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

Factors Affecting Agricultural Input Loan Repayment in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence from Soro District Mulatu, Negese Tamirat; lecturer, jimma university Hagayo, Sanait Tadele Agriculture Input, Loan repayment, Probit Model, Soro District, Southern Ethiopia This study was conducted to assess determinants that influencing smallholder farmers loan repayment in Soro district. Agricultural sector plays a key role in alleviating poverty. This study was aimed at investigating the determinants of input loan repayment in the Soro district using cross-sectional survey data gathered in 2018/19. A primary and secondary source of information through structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used. Descriptive analysis and econometric methods such as probit regression were employed for the data analysis. The probit regression result revealed that variables such as educational level, landholding, expenditure of household, crop income of household, credit borrowed to input, and owned oxen significantly influences smallholder agricultural input loan repayment. Hence, emphasis should be given to enhance loan repayment in the sector through by enhancing the practices of relatively agricultural input loan repayment in Soro district. Hence, enhanced loan repayment that will be a key to achieve alleviated poverty. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/253 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 1-10 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/253/pdf_136 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/330 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

Diversity of National Legal Approaches for Protection of Geographical Indication in Africa: Rethinking the Best Option for Tanzania Ndunguru, Adrian Fulko; COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION -DODOMA TANZANIA Haule, Romuald Mwanga, Elia law Africa, Trade, Law intellectual property law The study was centered on the main objective of examining three approaches of protection of geographical indications which trademark system, sue generis system and the unfair competition system. This paper is intended to study various approaches of legal framework for protection of geographical indications as applied in different countries with the view of ascertaining the strength and weakness of each approach in order to recommended the right approach for Tanzania. The main problem which prompted the study is results from flexibility of the system for protection of geographical indications allowed by the WTO Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights of 1994. On part of methodology, the study is qualitative in nature and uses mainly secondary date derived by using documentary review of various international legal instruments, reports, legal text books, articles and conference papers based on protection of geographical indications. Data were analyzed by using content analysis in which the researcher sorted data basing on the relevancy of the content on the study objectives of the study. Generally, the findings has revealed that, apparently states protects geographical indications by using trademark laws, sue generis or specific laws and unfair competition system. However, the more comprehensive and effective approach that Tanzania can adopt is the sue generis system because it provided for specific standards for protection of geographical indications which cannot be mixed with trade mark or competition laws. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/330 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 47-60 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/330/pdf_184 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/520 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

To Examine the Influence of Procurement Planning Regulations and Procedures on Achieving Value for Money in Works Projects a Case of Ardhi University Chezue, Stanley Bruno; Mzumbe University Mrope, Noel The main goal of the research project was to investigate how procurement planning policies and practices affect getting value for money in ARU works projects; The study demonstrated the theory's relevance to achieving value for money through the use of transactional cost theory. To perform the study using the resources available, a case study research approach was adopted. A purposive selection strategy was used to select the study's sample size of 100 respondents. In order to guarantee the quality of data acquired, the researcher employed a questionnaire and interview guide to gather primary data, while secondary data was gathered through the examination of journals, papers, and articles. Several analysis techniques, including multiple regression, correlation analysis, and descriptive analysis, were used to the gathered data. The analysis of the findings revealed that the correlation coefficient between Procedures and regulations and Value for money is .723 which is statistically significant at .000 which implies a strong positive relationship between Procedures and regulations and Value for money. Study concluded that a well-structured procurement plan Procedures and regulations is essential for achieving value for money in Tanzanian public projects, as it guides efficient resource allocation, risk mitigation, and quality assurance, ultimately enhancing transparency, competition, and project outcomes. Study recommended that public projects should adopt robust monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure that procurement decisions are made based on merit, cost-effectiveness, and compliance with regulations. procurement professionals are well-equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills will contribute to more informed decision-making in the procurement process. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/520 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 164-172 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/520/pdf_280 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/520/116 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/426 2023-11-26T08:59:05Z jital:ART

Trade between Pakistan and China during COVID-19: An Overview Jamsheed, Rizwan Akhtar; Central University of Finance and Economics Fengqinghe, Wei; University of Sussex Pakistan; China; COVID-19; Trade; Economic growth. The economic relationship between Pakistan and China, which is founded on historical, geopolitical, and economic ties, has been substantially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzes the evolution of trade patterns between the two nations during the pandemic, casting light on how supply networks, trade volumes, and product compositions were impacted. From 2018 to 2022, exports and imports fluctuate, and Pakistan has a trade deficit with China, according to the data. The economic impact of COVID-19 on both nations is examined, as are government responses and relief measures. Despite the pandemic's effects on global trade and supply chains, trade volumes between Pakistan and China increased in 2021 due to the global economic recovery, rising Chinese demand for Pakistani products, and trade agreements. The research highlights the resiliency and adaptability of both nations during difficult periods. The findings highlight the significance of diversifying exports and imports, as well as the potential for future economic growth resulting from ongoing projects under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and efforts to balance their trade relationship. This research contributes to a comprehensive comprehension of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Pakistan-China trade and the possibility of future economic cooperation. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/426 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 226-235 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/426/pdf_232 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/650 2025-11-27T14:47:10Z jital:ART

Cyber Terrorism Prevention from a Legal Philosophical Perspective Mafazi, Agung; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Warka, Made; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Budiarsih, Budiarsih; Faculty Of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law cyber terrorism, prevention, legal philosophy law Research Purpose: This study aims to identify the challenges faced in preventing cyber terrorism examined through a philosophy of law lens and to formulate a concept for preventing this crime. Methodology: The study employs a normative legal research method. Main Findings: The response to terrorist offences must be both effective and precisely targeted, because the clear and serious threat posed by this crime can endanger state sovereignty. Eradicating terrorist offences cannot be achieved solely through repressive law enforcement or ―hard approaches; ―soft approaches are also required. When applying a soft approach especially to curb the spread of radical-terrorist ideology in cyberspace prevention must begin by using virtual media to counter that spread. This need sparked the author‘s interest in exploring how preventive measures can be undertaken to avert cyber-terrorism. Practical Application: The findings can serve as a reference for government bodies and prospective researchers interested in tackling cyber-terrorism. Novelty: The study is expected to help the government craft a prevention concept for cyber terrorism. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The research used in this writing is legal normative juridical. application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/650 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 87-90 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/650/pdf_343 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/38 2016-06-28T16:33:14Z jital:ART

Logistics Applications on Energy Supply Chain Management: Turkey Model Saka, Ali; Istanbul Commerce University Çemberci, Murat; Istanbul Commerce University Civelek, Mustafa Emre; Istanbul Commerce University Energy, Energy Supply, Logistics Finding necessary resources for energy production geographically, determining the amount of reserve to be found, digging them up, determining distance to market, solutions to transportation issues, creating distribution channels and observing supply demand equilibrium are tasks that are done by supply chain professionals. Many different countries along with multinational corporations create a union of forces to overcome while planning these. Every corporation in the system is responsible for overcoming a certain stage of these tasks, however delivering these resources and goods happen with the collaboration of logistic sector creating a solution partnership. Logistics provide energy supply chains all the required resources, distributing these to a location of function and deliver all these produced goods to required places. In this article, Turkey’s involvement to these energy delivery systems is discussed. Difficulties of being part of an existing system can only be overcome with mutual agreement for all parties, coming up with alternative solutions. By evaluating its location as a crossing route for petroleum and natural gas market, Turkey can take a determinant role in this market while providing sellers with certain benefits. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2016-06-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/38 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 2, Issue 1 (2016): June; 9-19 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/38/pdf_12 Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/197 2020-12-21T15:30:14Z jital:ART

Determinants of Rural Women Economic Empowerment in Agricultural Activities: Evidence from Nunu Kumba District of East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia Adugna, Lalisa Kebede, Getachew Mulatu, Negese Tamirat; lecturer, jimma university Economic empowerment, Women, Child, Logistic Regression, growth, Ethiopia This study was aimed at investigating the determinants of rural women economic empowerment in agricultural activities of Nunu Kumba district of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The study can be useful to reduce women discrimination, ministry of child and women’s affairs in its effort to formulate and implement gender policies. A multistage sampling procedure was used to take sample of 342 women household respondents using random sampling technique from selected rural Kebeles. For the study both primary and secondary sources of data were conducted. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and logistic regression model. Descriptive analysis was conducted to discuss the behavior of rural women economic empowerment in agricultural activities and performed using frequencies, percentage, means, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values. The logistic regression result reveals that out of thirteen explanatory variables eleven variables age, size of family, educational status, farm income, off-farm income, access to credit, access to and control of economic resources, access to information, rural women participation in community affairs, lack of gender awareness and domestic violence were statistically significant. The findings of the study recommended that the policy makers effectively implement the rights of the significant number of marginalized rural women for full participation in all levels of human activity. This will play a paramount role in eradicating poverty and hastening economic growth of Ethiopia. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/197 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 2 (2020): December; 90-105 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/197/pdf_103 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/731 2026-06-06T06:36:23Z jital:ART

The Effect of Storytelling in Advertising on Purchase Intention: A Study on Artificial Intelligence Applications Gevrek, Elif; Istanbul Commerce University Yıldırım, Figen Marketing Communication, Advertising, Advertising Appeals, Storytelling, Digital Storytelling, Artificial Intelligence, Artificial Intelligence Literacy Storytelling, one of the oldest forms of human communication, serves as a cognitive tool for meaning-making, value transmission, and decision-making. Because it integrates emotion and cognition, storytelling has been widely used to influence attitudes and behaviors. The study examines two AI-generated advertising films: one employing a rational advertising appeal that highlights functional product benefits, and the other an emotional advertising appeal that enables empathy and emotional connection with the spectators. The main characteristic of the study is evaluating participants’ progress in AI literacy, given the gen-AI nature of the advertising content. The research first presents the theoretical bases of storytelling and its relationship with advertising, then evaluates the effects of generative AI and story-based advertisements on consumers’ purchase intentions through analyzing AI-assisted storytelling in advertising using the AIDMSAS model. The results disclose that AI-powered storytelling can notably change consumers’ decision-making. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/731 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 247-258 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/731/pdf_395 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/101 2018-12-20T10:32:36Z jital:ART

Cryptocurrencies in the New Economy Bulut, Anı; İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Finance Digital Currency, Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency  Developments in internet-based payment platforms employing the blockchain technology known as “cryptocurrencies” contributed their integration in the official payment systems. Because of the growing interest in cryptocurrencies, it is necessary to review existing cryptocurrency research literature and determine areas for future studies. This study gives an up to date summary of accessible literature on cryptocurrencies according to their subject of issues, theories, methods, and findings and provides direction for future research. A systematic literature review was carried out to examine accessible academic and reliable publications between 2010 and 2018. Based on results research limitations for individual, organizational, ecosystemic and discourse approaches are identified and the study concluded that there are still insufficient and uncovered issues related to the cryptocurrencies notably from a legal and regulatory point of view.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-12-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Literature review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/101 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 2 (2018): December; 45-52 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/101/pdf_62 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/101/12 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/279 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

The Surge of CRM Software for Marketing Purposes during the Pandemic Hernandez Rodriguez, Edwin Camilo; Istanbul Ticaret University Develi, Evrim İldem marketing management, marketing Customer Relationship Management, Analytics Tools, e-Commerce, Analytical CRM, Inbound Marketing CRM, Inbound Marketing In this study the surge of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) management software for marketing purposes during the pandemic will be explained through the scientific research and in-depth interview method. The definitions of the Customer Relationship Management, its types, functioning processes, its new features and its working process will be explained, along with the relevance it has gained during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. An in-depth interview will be carried out with the marketing director of the US based company Protera Technologies. The interview allows exemplifying the usage for marketing process of an IT company of their CRM platform, the reasons behind its usage and its benefits. The importance of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is going to be covered in this study along with the differences between InBound Marketing and OutBound marketing. Data analytics mechanisms are going to be part of this study. A general understanding of the way that CRM applications operate is going to be further explained. By making use of the in-depth interview academic method, a case study of an American IT company is going to be explained, and out of this study, a proposed inbound marketing scheme is going to be proposed based on the case study. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Evrim İldem DEVELİ, Istanbul Ticaret University 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion In-depth interview, literature review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/279 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 153-161 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/279/pdf_152 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/279/66 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/452 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

Predicting Bitcoin Price with the LSTM Model Polat, Osman Gazi; İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Koy, Ayben; İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi behavioral economics LSTM, Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, Neural Network, Prediction behavioral finance Forecasting techniques and models play a pivotal role in guiding individuals and organizations towards informed decision-making and prudent investments. The accuracy of the forecast enables successful decisions and allows investors to maximize utility. The developments in finance and finance-related technologies around the world, along with innovative financial instruments, have piqued the interest of investors. Undoubtedly, the most prominent among these advancements is Bitcoin, a product of blockchain technology. In this study, future predictions will be generated using the LSTM model, relying on the historical data of Bitcoin and crucial market predictors. Specifically, three distinct datasets will be employed, each drawing one indicator from four different indicator types. With these datasets in hand, the study aims to predict the next ten data points pertaining to Bitcoin's performance, employing the relevant methodology. This forecast serves as a guiding model for investors and as a risk reduction study, given that it encompasses 3 different management scenarios for Bitcoin. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Neural Network application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/452 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 137-148 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/452/pdf_248 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/361 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

Unraveling the Relationship between Environmental Taxation and Trade: The Moderating Role of Judicial System within the Japanese context Aden, Kadir; University of Djibouti Aden Dirir, Sadik Environmental taxation, Judiciary independence, Trade, C02 emission. K32, Q56, F18 The efficacy of environmental taxation in achieving global emission reduction and its impact on economic performance have been widely debated, in the context of sustainable development. However, the role of the judiciary system's effectiveness as a moderating factor has been largely overlooked in previous studies. The current study examines the impact of green taxation on trade performance from two perspectives: firstly, the individual effect of environmental taxation on trade, and secondly, the moderating effect of the judiciary system on the relationship between environmental taxation and trade, with a focus on Japan. The study utilizes several factors, such as judicial independence, impartial courts, property rights protection, and legal enforcement of contracts, to represent the judiciary system. Autoregressive distributed lag methodology is employed to analyze the data. The findings reveal that the introduction of environmental taxation reduces Japanese trade both in the short and long run. However, the negative impact of environmental taxation on trade is balanced by the moderating effect of an effective judiciary system. The study suggests that the judiciary system can play a crucial role in mitigating the adverse effects of environmental taxation by ensuring that it is implemented equitably and efficiently, and by enforcing penalties on governments and corporations that violate environmental regulations. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion ARDL and Pairwise Granger causality application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/361 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 203-215 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/361/pdf_200 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/361/85 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/555 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Economic Analysis of Contract Law: How the Eyes of Economics Work While Delivering Justice with Unprejudiced Hands of Existing Indonesian Contract Law Sugianto, Fajar; Universitas Pelita Harapan Law and Economics, economic approach to law, contract law Legal issues surrounding contracts are never easy to solve, especially those concerning the nature and rules of contract law amid the development paradigm of the law itself. It is not surprising that one of the classic problems of contract law lies in the suitability of regulatory governance which is expected to be able to adapt to the demands of the times and its relevance on the actual side. This shows that the law is prone to aging. This kind of rapid change makes the age of law like corn, so legal restoration cannot be focused/expected on legal reform alone. On the existing paradigm, Law and Economics offers several concepts as an ideal model that can guide legal activities while uniting the disparity of legal outcomes. Some fundamental concepts of economics can be constellated with the law as an economic approach to law, in this case, contract law, to re-concretize legal needs in contracting. Contract performance as a legal practice must also go hand in hand with other social activities. Here, Law and Economics is present to obtain clarity of contract law to be more responsive, relevant, contextual, and actual. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Economic Analysis of Law application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/555 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 51-60 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/555/pdf_295 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/121 2019-12-11T10:23:45Z jital:ART

Impact of Micro-Finance on Women’s Economic Empowerment: A Case study in Gimbo Woreda, South Nation, Nationalities and Peoples Region, Ethiopia Merra, Tesfaye Melaku; Lecturer at Jimma University Abafita, Jemal Ayalew, Esuablew Economics Microfinance, Empowerment, Propensity Score Matching Economics In a subsistence agriculture and low income developing countries, microfinance provision to rural areas is taken as a mechanism to reduce poverty and to empower women economically. MFI have made important contributions to poor people particularly to women, by providing a financial service to those who are excluded from the formal financial sector. The study aims to assess the impact of microfinance on women economic empowerment with a case study of Omo Microfinance Institution in Gimbo woreda. By using multi-stage sampling method, the primary data was collected from a total of 200 rural women of which 115 of them are non-clients of Omo Microfinance Institution, which are used as control group. The control groups are future clients that are very similar to clients in their overall characteristics. The empirical analysis of this research was carried out both by descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The regression analysis part was used propensity score matching method of analysis. The estimated logistic regression result depict that women’s involvement in major decision making is significantly affected by age, women’s spouse level of education, number of family size, head of the house hold, being member of other MFI and amount of initial wealth.  Women’s level of education, marital status and ecology were variables that are insignificant in affecting women’s economic empowerment. The propensity score matching estimation result reveals that OMFI has significant effect in increasing average yearly household income and personal cash saving of its client but it is insignificant in affecting positively women’s access and ownership and control over assets. Thus, the program intervention has been resulted a positive impact on women’s economic empowerment in the study area. Therefore, it is recommended that credit provision of OMFI should give priority in asset formation, access to resources, acquire asset and able to control over it. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law University 2019-12-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Descriptive and inferential application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/121 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 5, Issue 2 (2019): December; 17-30 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/121/pdf_73 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/472 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

Impact of Selected Factors on International Trade of Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis Zafar, Abdullah Bin; University of Dhaka International Business, International Trade, Emerging Market Economies International trade, Ordinary Least Squares, Economic Development, Bangladesh International Trade International trade is a vital driver of economic development for nations worldwide, and Bangladesh, as a developing country in South Asia, strategically utilizes trade as a key element in its economic growth agenda. This paper examines the impact of internal factors on Bangladesh's international trade, employing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis to analyze data spanning from 2000 to 2022. The study focuses on factors such as GDP, inflation, real interest rates, unemployment rates, government expenditure, population growth, remittance inflows, government expenditure in education, macroeconomic management, and tariff rates. The results reveal a strong statistical significance between the predictors and Bangladesh's international trade volume. Notably, personal remittances, government expenditure in education, and macroeconomic management index exhibit significant influence on international trade. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to enhance Bangladesh's trade performance, contributing to its sustainable economic development. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Empirical Method using Ordinary Least Squares application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/472 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 230-244 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/472/pdf_259 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/380 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

Globalization Impact on Advertising: Theories and Strategies in Global Markets Bekheir Nia, Neginsadat; ISTANBUL TICARET UNIVERSITY Najafi, Sharareh; Istanbul Ticaret University Globalization, Global Markets This article titled “Globalization impact on advertising: Theories and strategies in global markets. The authors provide an overview of globalization and its impact on the global economy, including the advertising sector. The article analyzes several key concepts related to advertising and globalization, such as cultural sensitivity, new technology usage, and the demand for global market research. To develop effective advertising approaches for the global market, the writers stress the need of having a thorough awareness of the cultural and economic traditions of other nations. The AIDA model, Hierarchy of Effects Model, Elaboration Likelihood Model and Social Learning Theory, are just a few of the advertising models covered in the article that give the theoretical underpinnings for comprehending how advertising influences consumer behavior. Extensive market research is frequently used in global advertising to gain insights into the distinct requirements and preferences of consumers in various regions. This empowers advertisers to create messages that proficiently convey the unique value proposition of their brand. Overall, this article gives insights for marketers to successfully traverse the global market and shines light on how the advertising environment is changing in the age of globalization. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2nd International Conference on contemporary Issues in Commerce 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/380 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 10-14 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/380/pdf_211 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/598 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Reputation as Competitive Capital: Evaluating Corporate Reputation in the Financial Sector Başar, Doğan; Türkiye Sigorta A.Ş. corporate reputation, financial sector, stakeholder engagement, RepTrak, qualitative insights Business Management Corporate reputation plays a critical role in the financial sector, influencing stakeholder trust, organizational legitimacy, and long-term competitiveness. This study aims to evaluate reputation performance within the financial sector through a comprehensive, stakeholder-centered lens. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative insights drawn from the RepTrak model—measuring seven core reputation dimensions—with qualitative data gathered through in-depth interviews and pulse surveys. Findings indicate that the sector demonstrates strong performance in areas such as product and service quality, operational success, and corporate citizenship. However, innovation and workplace environment emerged as weaker dimensions, pointing to critical development opportunities. Pulse data reinforces the importance of trust, leadership visibility, and customer-centricity in shaping positive stakeholder perceptions. Stakeholders express expectations not only for high-quality services but also for ethical leadership, transparency, and responsiveness—particularly through digital channels. Qualitative insights further highlight the role of emotional engagement, societal value creation, and internal-external alignment in building resilient reputational capital. Strengthening employer branding, expanding corporate social responsibility initiatives, and fostering accessible leadership communication are identified as strategic priorities. Moreover, real-time responsiveness to customer needs via digital innovation is seen as essential for reinforcing reputational strength. This research contributes to reputation literature by offering an integrated and practice-oriented assessment model, while also providing actionable insights for financial institutions seeking to enhance stakeholder alignment and adapt to evolving sectoral expectations. The study concludes that reputation management in the financial sector must be dynamic, transparent, and multidimensional to ensure sustainable competitive advantage. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/598 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 337-345 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/598/pdf_321 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/154 2020-06-02T13:49:21Z jital:ART

Economic Impact of Fair-Trade Certification on Small-Scale Coffee Producers in Ethiopia Bulga, Fikadu Gutu; Jimma University Demissie, Wondaferahu Mulugeta Whakeshum, Sisay Tolla Fair-Trade certification, Coffee, Economic Impact, Ethiopia In Ethiopia coffee production is one of the most important sectors of livelihood, and the largest portion of coffee production comes from smallholder farmers. Small-scale coffee farmers producing for fair-trade market outlets are commonly considered to benefit from enhanced prices and established market channels. Nevertheless, some empirical studies are validating this conception adversely. This study, consequently, tried to assess the impact of fair-trade certification on the economy of small-scale coffee producers using both descriptive and econometrics techniques for the selected 383 respondents in Jimma zone of south west Ethiopia. According to the finding of the study; educational level,  status of household head, fair-trade membership position, market and infrastructure access variables are statistically significant and determine income of smallholder coffee farmers positively. Logistic regression result indicates that, the coefficient (or parameter estimate) for the variable fair-trade membership position is 3.383. This means that for every one-unit increase in fair-trade membership, we expect a 3.383 increase in the log-odds of the income increment, keeping all other independent variables constant. Therefore, leeway of fair-trade certification ought to be reflected as one of poverty and susceptibility reduction implements among economic strategists and practitioners. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/154 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 52-60 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/154/pdf_83 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/573 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Lessons for the 21st Century’s Trade Wars: A Brief History of the Mercantilist Policies Seferoğlu, Ayşegül; Istanbul Ticaret University international trade, trade policy, mercantilists Trade wars, tariff wars, mercantilism, protectionism, economic nationalism F1, F13, F19, B11 The Paper starts with an Introduction section, which proceeds with a section dedicated to Literature Review. The following section looks at the selected trade wars in a historical context. The rise of mercantilism, the role of colonies, imperialism, freer trade, protectionism, the impact of tariffs and other mercantilist, and its offshoot, neomercantilist, policies on relations between nations were briefly summarized with reference to selected examples. These examples included the Navigation Acts, the Boston Tea Party, the Opium Wars, the Cobden-Chevalier Commerce Treaty, the Méline Tariff, the American System, the Fordney-McCumber Tariff, the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, and the banana wars.  Examples were selected based on their historical significance and role in shaping international trade. Its focus is mainly on the mercantilist trade policies carried out by two hegemonic powers, ie Britain and the United States, which used these policies dexteriously when they were rising to their hegemonic positions during the period under investigation. The Paper ends with the Conclusion section, which draws attention to the possible lessons from these historical examples to the 21st century’s statesmen and policymakers for their intended trade wars. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law None 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion literature review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/573 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 187-195 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/573/pdf_306 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/701 2025-12-02T10:38:08Z jital:ART

A Bibliometric Analysis of the Relationship between the Green Deal and Foreign Trade Performance Duman, Halide Hamide; İstanbul Ticaret University Öz, Sabri; BeTa Science Association İstanbul School of İstanbul Köksal, Cihat; İstanbul Ticareet University Green Deal, Foreign Trade, Export Performance, Logistics, International Trade, Sustainability Sustainability Sustainability and many disciplines prefixed with green have been among the most frequently discussed topics in the first quarter of the twenty-first century. Green transformation, green logistics, green agreement, sustainable businesses, and sustainable and green economies are examples. This study examined the effects of the green agreement on foreign trade performance and conducted a bibliometric analysis on this topic. Scopus was used as the database for the research. Differences and similarities compared to the previously discussed Web of Science database were also revealed. Both the Web of Science-based and the Scopus-based bibliometric analyses share a key finding: that future development will shift its focus and necessitate policies on foreign trade performance to align with sustainability goals. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations were presented for academia, the public sector, and the real sector. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Bibliometric Analysis application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/701 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 377-385 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/701/pdf_372 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/72 2018-01-16T04:42:58Z jital:ART

Legal Aspects of Aircraft Hijacking Avcı, Sencerhan Civelek, Mustafa Emre; Istanbul Commerce University Aircraft Hijacking, Turkish Judicial System The goal of this article is to discuss and examine the legal dimension of aircraft hijacking crime from international agreements and Turkish legal system aspect. The fact that there are gaps in security procedures of countries and the punishments not being deterrent in aircraft hijacking acts; affect many people, regions, and countries. Increasing terrorist acts in the last years; acts like aircraft hijacking by terrorist groups make it necessary to review universal rules, penal sanctions, and security procedures. This study mentions the problems created by the association of aircraft hijacking crime with political events. As a solution, it suggests imposing sanctions on countries that make this association and making it compulsory to have police in planes. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-01-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/72 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 2 (2017): December; 58-64 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/72/pdf_41 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/243 2021-11-28T13:24:59Z jital:ART

The Relationship between Financial Literacy and Finance Education: A Resarch for University Students of the Sütlüce Region Aydın, Ömer Kibritçi Artar, Okşan Financial literacy, financial education, financial management, accounting ability Financial literacy is a feature that has been stripped of privilege and has become a necessity in today's society. When proliferation of financial markets, the increase in the variety of financial instruments, the use of internet technologies in financial markets, and that bank clients have started to execute their transactions through online channels instead of the face-to-face branch visits are taken into consideration, the need for financial literacy can be recognized more clearly. Today, the most basic way to develop financial literacy is through education in this field. In this context, either individuals will catch up with the recent developments through their own research efforts or they will receive education from relevant external institutions.This study, which investigated the effect of financial education on financial literacy, the students from the finance and economics departments of the universities located in Sütlüce, Istanbul were compared with the students who did not receive such education. The study was conducted over 110 students. While 77 percent of these students received education in economic and financial fields, 23 percent did not. Our analyses showed that students who received economics and finance education displayed higher average financial management and accounting capability, financial literacy sub-dimensions, compared to ones who did not have these educations. On the other hand, the financial calculation success levels of respondents were found inadequate with respect to the significantly large size of the group who received financial education. Only 1.8% of the participants were able to successfully answer all of the questions. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/243 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 2 (2021): December; 22-29 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/243/pdf_131 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/319 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

State Relationship with Private Legal Entities on Oil and Natural Gas Management in Indonesia Rizaldi, Sony; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Suhartono, Slamet; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Hadi, Syofyan; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Michael, Tomy; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Law private legal entity, country, oil and natural gas Law Indonesia has Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 (UUD NRI 1945), Chapter 33 (3) UUD NRI 1945 give a mandate to the state that is equipped with the right to control the state as an instrument to achieve one of the highest goals of establishment Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI), that is: promote the general welfare. The state represented by BP Oil and gas and then SKK Oil and gas, is in an unequal position with private legal entities in the upstream oil and gas business. The concept of the relationship between the state and private legal entities in the management of oil and gas is deemed by the MK to be inappropriate or contrary to the meaning Chapter 33 (3) UUD NRI 1945, which causes the lack of realization of oil and gas management for the greatest prosperity of the people. Management of oil and gas resources that are not in line or contrary to meaning Chapter 33 (3) UUD NRI 1945 can cause the goal of the greatest prosperity of the people not to be achieved. In the management so far, it is difficult to realize the nature of the constitutional management of oil and gas resources, this occurs because the Government of Indonesia as the representative of the state is apparently unable to maintain state sovereignty and adequate state control rights in the presence of foreign contractors involved in the management of oil and natural gas resources. through cooperation contracts due to ignoring priorities to government agencies such as independent BUMN. BUMN must dominate the management of oil and gas as strategic natural wealth in Indonesia, so that state sovereignty and the right to control the state can be used for the greatest prosperity of the people without third party intervention. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion The type of research used in this research is normative legal research application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/319 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 10-14 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/319/pdf_179 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/513 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

Staff Competence and e-Procurement Performance: Tanzania Revenue Authority Perspective Swai, Grace Constantine; Mzumbe University, Tanzania Musabila, Albogast; Mzumbe University Staff Competence, e-Procurement,Public Sector Performance Electronic Procurement, Information and Communication Technology, Performance, Networking. Procurement and Supply Chain Management This study assessed the factors influencing performance of e-procurement in Tanzania, with reference to Tanzania Revenue Authority. The specific objectives of the study were to find out the influence of staff competence, technological resources and financial resources on e-procurement performance. Simple random and purposive sampling approaches were employed to get 87 respondents that made up the sample size. Respondents' information was obtained for the study using interviews and questionnaires. Regression and descriptive analysis were used to analyze the quantitative data while content analysis used to analyze the qualitative data in examining influence of staff competence on the performance of e-procurement. The findings showed that e-procurement is used effectively as most staff members are competent. This is attributed to staff competency, training programs given to them, and the availability of seminars. The study also revealed that staff competence has significant effect on the procurement performance. The paper recommends that TRA should keep offering staff training to improve their knowledge and expertise in order to improve procurement effectiveness. In addition, the paper recommends TRA should continue investing funds to buy cutting-edge technology resources including laptops and software. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Nil 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Case study, mixed methods application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/513 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 107-113 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/513/pdf_275 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/513/114 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/417 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

Determinants of Implementation of Special Group Reservation Scheme by Procuring Entities Ngomuo, Melissa Michael; College of Business Education Mwandosya, Godfrey Isaac; College of Business Education Procurement and Supplies Management Special Groups, Special Group Reservation Scheme, Procuring Entity Procurement for Special Groups This paper aims to assess the determinants of the implementation of special group reservation schemes by procuring entities. The study used a mixed-methods approach, using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Qualitative information was gathered using techniques including interviews for the descriptive nature of the study, and quantitative data was gathered by questionnaire. Data was analyzed by both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Based on the analysis, the descriptive statistic shows that the majority of the respondents agreed with the statements that financial capacity, vendor quality index, and technical capacity play a great role in the special group reservation scheme in terms of increasing the number of contracts awarded to special groups, increasing value of contracts awarded to special groups, and increasing the percentage of special groups beneficiaries since the value of the mean scores is above the 3.63. These results imply that the capacity of special groups is one of the determinant factors influencing the implementation of special groups in public entities. Also, the capacity of the special group was found to have a positive influence on the implementation of the special group reservation scheme in public entities. About the significance of the variable, the findings show the value of the capacity of the special group in the implementation of a special group reservation scheme. The study recommends that the government should ensure sufficient allocation of financial resources, adequacy of equipment and technical competence, adequate physical facilities, high managerial capability, experience, and personnel to achieve a high level of implementation of the special group reservation scheme. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Mixed- method Approach application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/417 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 162-167 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/417/pdf_227 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/417/93 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/644 2025-11-27T14:47:10Z jital:ART

Artificial Intelligence Usage by Advertising Industry Professionals Ersoz, Fatma Ecehan; Bahcesehir University communication, technology, artificial intelligence, business Advertising, Artificial Intelligence, Advertisement Production Processes, Advertising Technologies Technological developments have had a great impact on the changes experienced by the entire world since the 20th century. Rapid advances in technology and transformations brought about by digitalization have led to extensive changes in the advertising industry, as in many other sectors, especially in the last twenty years. The concept of Industry 4.0, which entered the world agenda as of 2011, and the digital transformation progressing with the technologies it encompasses, have also brought about new and various applications in the functioning of the advertising sector. While digital advertising is developing alongside traditional advertising methods, the technologies used in this field have also made rapid progress. The advertising sector and its processes are currently being shaped by digitalization and artificial intelligence, which is among the Industry 4.0 technologies. While artificial intelligence technologies enable faster, more efficient and creative results to be obtained in advertising production processes (Kietzmann et al., 2018), the approaches of professionals in the sector to this technology have also become an important area of research. The use of artificial intelligence in advertising production processes has been evaluated in different dimensions such as target audience research, advertising targeting strategies, media planning, advertising impact analysis, campaign design, copy writing and creative processes. (Qin and Jiang, 2019; Li et al., 2021). In this study, the use of artificial intelligence in advertising production processes by advertising sector professionals was investigated. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/644 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 50-59 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/644/pdf_338 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/27 2015-12-17T07:24:06Z jital:ART

Contemporary Aspects of European Transport Policy Zajac, Grzegorz; University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow European Transport Policy; Transport Modes; White Paper; TEN-T; Trans-European Transport Network The origin of the common transport policy was in 1957. Currently the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) of 2007 signed in Lisbon is legally binding concerning the common transport policy of the EU. The dynamic pace of the implementation of the common transport policy the EU was commenced from the beginning of the 1990s’ of the last century. The recognition of the importance and the role of transport for the EU as a whole by the Member States has created opportunities for the development of this branch of the economy, which for almost thirty years of the European integration was being marginalized. In contemporary rules about the common transport policy most barriers to its functioning throughout the continent were eliminated. For the EU the Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T) importance stems also from the fact that it should contribute to the achievement of greater economic and spatial cohesion of the European Union. The task of the TEN-T network is to increase the technical standardization of individual national networks, improvement of transport infrastructures, access facilitation to infrastructure and fostering better connections between national networks and transport modes. Today we can say without hesitation, that there has been huge progress in the implementation of the common transport policy in the EU. Codification and harmonization of laws at EU level contributes to the development of specific sectors of transport and strengthens European identity in the world. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2015-12-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/27 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 1, Issue 1 (2015): June; 9-23 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/27/pdf_1 Copyright (c) 2015 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/169 2020-12-21T15:30:14Z jital:ART

Khat Production and Household Welfare among Khat Growers Ethiopia Abafita, Jemal Bulga, Fikadu Gutu; Jimma University Socio-economic, Khat Producer, Food security ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to examine the welfare effects of khat production on households. Our finding shows that, khat production was found to be associated with better living conditions; this was not the case with regard to improvements in household income and housing quality. On the other hand, khat growers had generally better food consumption, which could be due to the immediate but seemingly temporary effect of increasing household income. Given the implications of these aspects of food consumption as key elements for food security at household or individual levels, our findings call for maximum caution as to what policy implications should be drawn since inferences from these findings may be misleading. That is, notwithstanding the positive effects in terms of food consumption and hence food security, khat production could have aggregate negative effect on aggregate through reducing crop production and it is trade-off between them. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law jimma university 2020-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/169 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 2 (2020): December; 33-45 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/169/pdf_98 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/720 2026-06-06T06:36:22Z jital:ART

Affectors on the Humanitarian Supply Chain's Adoption of ERP Systems Magesa, Perazia Robert; College of Business Education Assey, Efrem Prosper; Mzumbe University Supply chain, Humanitarian supply chain, ERP system, Organization Capacity and IT infrastructures. Humanitarian organizations faced the issues of supply chain disruption, poor information access, higher costs, late deliveries, delays and inventory management issues which had an impact on the quality services provided by the organizations. These arose because most of the humanitarian supply chain were not using electronic procurement system. The humanitarian SDGs Agenda of 2030, is to “deliver products and/or services to the needy, whose immediate or long term survival can depend on the efficiency execution to enhance cost management.” As the purpose of Humanitarian supply chain goal this study aligns with the SDGs goals. The study sought do determine the influence of Tanzania’s humanitarian supply chain in the deployment of ERP systems with the primary focus on three variables which were organization capacity, employees training as well as technological infrastructure. The study results exposed that organizational capacity and technological infrastructures had a significant and distinct role in the ERP systems adoption in humanitarian supply chain. Researchers recommended that humanitarian organizations should make significant investment in the Intergra system, provide top-tier assistance and improve the existing training programs for the purpose of enhancing supply chain performance.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/720 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 174-180 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/720/pdf_389 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/92 2018-12-20T10:32:36Z jital:ART

Influence Factors of Exporting EU Vehicle to China Lin, Junzhu; China University of Petroleum 266580 Qingdao, China Liu, Huajie; China University of Petroleum 266580 Qingdao, China Trade war, EU-China Trade, Car demand market, Influence factor China, the world’s largest developing country, is the world’s important force to promote the development of the global economy. In the context of globalization and the rapid change of the pattern, China's strategic position is becoming more and more important. However, as the rise of unilateral, world trade frictions are increasing. In the future, EU should focus on the China’s trade and economic cooperation with foreign common policy and guiding principles and should pay attention to expand export and import cooperation between China, and what’s more based on China’s huge potential market needed, EU should pay more attention on the car filed. Due to the background of American’s unilateral protectionism, the trade relations between US, EU and China become more and more strained, therefore in order to achieve the purpose of mutual benefit and win-win results between China and EU, we need to further strengthen China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-12-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/92 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 2 (2018): December; 1-12 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/92/pdf_57 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/274 2022-06-05T18:42:40Z jital:ART

The Effects of Public Procurement Practices on Procurement Prices: A Case of Selected Procuring Entities Kabelele, Deus Paul; College of Business Education Kitomo, Daudi; National Institute of Transport Supply Chain Management; Procurement Public Procurement, Practices, Procurement Prices, Reasonableness Any Applicable The main objective of the study was to assess the effects of public procurement practices on the procurement prices among the selected procuring entities in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the effects of competition, centralization, timely payment, negotiation and integrity on procurement prices reasonableness among the selected procuring entities. The study was carried out at Dar es Salaam with the inclusion of three procuring entities; College of Business Education (CBE), Institute of Adult Education (IAE) and Tanzania Public Service College (TPSC). The study employed convergent mixed research design, where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 210 and 20 respondents respectively for triangulation of findings. The study findings indicated that competition, timely payment, negotiation and integrity have significant positive effects on procurement prices reasonableness among the selected procuring entities. However, it was revealed that centralization has insignificant negative effect on procurement prices reasonableness contrary to the study hypothesis.   The study recommends more amendments on the public procurement rules, regulations and guidelines so as to warrant the effectiveness of competition, timely payment, negotiation and integrity in the public procurement proceedings for attainment of reasonable procurement prices. Moreover, the study recommends for the government to provide fully support to the policy makers and individual procuring entities in respect to the aforesaid matters. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law No any agency 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Any Applicable application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/274 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 110-120 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/274/pdf_147 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/445 2024-05-23T03:22:00Z jital:ART

The Application of Maternal Gender Equality in the Home Maulida, Meisin Lasna; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Afifah, Wiwik Law Regulation, Gender Equality, Leave Rights Human Right Gender equality is equality between men and women in fulfilling their rights and obligations. Gender equality should be applied in every sphere between men and women. The implementation of gender equality is still rarely implemented in household life, especially between mothers and fathers. One way to implement gender equality is by helping wives before and after giving birth. However, in practice it is still difficult to realize because a father's main duty is as the backbone of the family. Fathers work to meet the family's needs, but in implementing this to fulfill equal rights, there are obstacles in implementing leave. The obstacle in implementing leave lies in the differences in obtaining leave rights between male workers. Differences in income from leave rights occur between private employees and Civil Servants (PNS). The right to maternity leave for fathers, also known as paternity leave, also applies in other countries. This right to leave is considered important because the father's role in his child has a big influence on growth and development and minimizes the mother's exposure to baby blues after giving birth. The aim of this writing is to find out how important the role of fathers is for children and wives and the realization of gender equality in the household. So, the father's role can be realized in accordance with the obligations that should be implemented in the household and his leadership. The research method used in this research is normative juridical using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The existence of the right to paternity leave for fathers makes it a relevant policy in every company or place of work for every male worker to obtain this right. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2024-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Juridical Research application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/445 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2024): June; 45-51 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/445/pdf_243 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/348 2023-05-29T15:31:50Z jital:ART

The Effect of Transaction Costs on Post-Harvest Maize Value Chain Performance among Maize Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania Rutatola, Prisca Pascrates; The Local Government Training Institute Mwagike, Leonada Raphael; Mzumbe University agriculture, logistics, transportation, value chain Transaction Costs, Post-Harvest Value Chain, Performance, Smallholder Farmers, Maize agriculture, value chain Agriculture has been the backbone of most developing countries’ economy as it contributes significantly in their Gross Domestic Product and export earnings. However, its performance is still not satisfactory as the sector is hindered by many constraints one being high transaction costs. This study examines the effect of transaction costs on post-harvest maize value chain performance among Kongwa District Council maize smallholder farmers in Dodoma region. The study adopted a survey research design where a sample of 88 respondents obtained through multi stage sampling was used in the study. Questionnaires and Interview were used as data collection tools whereas multiple regression technique was applied to establish the existence of the hypothesized relationship. It was revealed that transportation and middlemen costs affected post-harvest maize value chain performance in terms of profits, output sales and post-harvest losses in the area while information costs did not. Moreover, multiple regression revealed that profit earned by farmers was the major effect of transaction costs on post-harvest maize value chain performance while post-harvest losses was not. The study recommends to the government and all associated stakeholders to take various measures focusing on reducing transaction costs such as improvement of transportation infrastructures and establishment of well-equipped market areas near farmers. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion multiple regression, multi-stage sampling technique, survey research design application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/348 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 1 (2023): June; 151-163 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/348/pdf_195 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/537 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

Effects Of E-Procurement Practices On The Performance Of Public Entities Mwalukasa, Boniface Emmanuel; College of Business Education Dar es Salaam Tanzania e-procurement practices, public entities performance, e-sourcing, e-evaluation, e-contracting procurement and supply chain Despite initiatives by the Government of Tanzania to ensure the availability of Information and Communication Technology infrastructure still, the utilization of e-procurement remains low. The current study investigates the effects of e-procurement practices focusing on e-sourcing, e-evaluation, and e-contract on public entities' performance. The study employed the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI). A cross-sectional research design and mixed research approach were used. Data were collected from 30 respondents from the Bank of Tanzania Academy, a census survey was applied. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data and interview guides served as qualitative data collection tools. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Thematic analysis was employed for qualitative data analysis.  The multiple regression model revealed that e-sourcing, e-evaluation, and e-contracts positively and significantly affect public entities' performance. The study concludes that e-sourcing, e-evaluation, and e-contracts contribute to improved public entities' performance. Therefore, procuring entities should invest in technological infrastructure that supports interoperability and enhances communication with stakeholders, provide regular training to staff and vendors to handle technical issues, and implement strong data security measures to build user trust and ensure system integrity. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/537 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 298-309 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/537/pdf_291 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/671 2025-11-27T14:47:11Z jital:ART

Cost–Benefıt Assessment of Electrochemıcal Battery Technologıes: The Case of Stand-Alone Storage Suna, Muhammet; İSTANBUL TİCARET ÜNİVERSİTESİ (İSTANBUL COMMERCE UNIVERSITY) Ekmekçi, İsmail Energy Engineering; Renewable Energy; Energy Storage Systems; Electrical Engineering; Cost Analysis Cost Analysis; Electrochemical Batteries; Energy Storage Services; Stand-Alone Storage Profile; Electricity Consumption Renewable Energy Technologies; Electrochemical Battery Systems; Multi-Criteria Decision Making; Cost–Benefit Analysis In this study, a comparative cost–benefit analysis was conducted for four electrochemical battery technologies: lithium iron phosphate (LFP), flow batteries, sodium-sulfur (NaS) batteries, and nickel–manganese–cobalt oxide (NMC) batteries. Furthermore, an investment projection was examined within the scope of standalone storage applications. Based on the comparative analyses of electrochemical batteries, and taking into account technological advancements, market conditions, grid-scale applicability, investment costs, efficiency in terms of application areas, impacts on the energy market, and the standalone consumer profile, lithium iron phosphate (LFP), flow batteries, sodium-sulfur (NaS) batteries, and nickel–manganese–cobalt oxide (NMC) batteries have emerged as advantageous storage technologies at the point of maximum benefit in cost–benefit analysis studies. Positioned against prior research and relevant standards, this study is expected to advance the literature. In conclusion, it offers an investment-oriented cost–benefit assessment of the most widely deployed electrochemical energy-storage technologies, conducted within the context of a standalone storage consumer profile. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Muhammet SUNA, Istanbul Ticaret University, Department of Industrial Engineering Prof. Dr. Ismail Ekmekci, Istanbul Ticaret University, Department of Industrial Engineering 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Levelized Cost of Service (LCOS); Benefit-Cost Analysis; Capex; Opex application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/671 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 193-205 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/671/pdf_356 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/42 2016-12-14T06:27:52Z jital:ART

Important and Critical Issues of Complying Presentation Based Upon Letter of Credit (L/C) Payment Özkan, Ömer; Istanbul Commerce University Özçelik, Oğuzhan; Istanbul Commerce University Kılıç, Serpil; Istanbul Commerce University Letter of Credit, Discrepancy, Complying presentation UCP600, ISBP745 In this study, there is suggested proposals and determined about such a way must be followed in complying presentation in accordance with letter of credit payment and the faults of exporting companies specific to Turkey in this issue. Beneficiary needs to provide complying presentation after preparing the papers appropriately at first letter of credit terms, rules of UCP 600 and ISBP 745 for applicant bank and if available confirming bank’s pay obligation could continue against beneficiary company in letter of credit payment. Since provided complying presentation ability requires a certain level of experience and expertness; it is observed about exporter companies in Turkey localized, receive export prices late and pay extra charges/commissions, could not benefit from pay obligation guarantee of applicant bank and if available confirming bank because of their generally discrepant document, facing contradiction in terms on this complying document preparing. Moreover, a various letter of credit condition which are disadvantages of exporters and could be caused financial losses are discussed and includes advices in this study. Based upon the findings, there is determined about most important reason of the companies could not provide complying presentation is preparing certain documents within letter of credit conditions incorrect, and it is shown how to prepare the subjected documents appropriately to letter of credit payment as considering their main and critical properties. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2016-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/42 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 2, Issue 2 (2016): December; 73-80 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/42/pdf_17 Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/216 2021-06-14T07:47:37Z jital:ART

Marketing Capability and Financial Performance: A Moderated-Mediation Approach İmamoğlu, Salih Zeki Türkcan, Hülya İnce, Hüseyin Marketing Capability, Product Innovation, Financial Performance, Technological Turbulence The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between marketing capability and financial performance using a moderated mediation framework. In this context, the present study investigates the mediating effect of product innovation and whether technological turbulence moderates the mediator effect of product innovation. A sample of 196 mid-level and senior executives working in manufacturing firms in Kocaeli participated in our survey. The results indicated that product innovation fully mediates the relationship between marketing capability and financial performance. It is also found that technological turbulence moderates the mediator effect of product innovation on the association between marketing capability and financial performance. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/216 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): June; 13-22 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/216/pdf_116 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/297 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

Incompliance of Law no. 23 of 2014 on Local Governments and Law no. 6 of 2014 on Villages Related to the Role of Local Governments in Supporting Village Development Khasyi, Muchammad Akmal Al; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Michael, Tomy Law Development, Village, Local Government Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages state that the Village has the authority to regulate its own household, one of which is to provide welfare for the village community through community empowerment and village development in order to provide a prosperous life, so it is necessary to explore the local potential of the village. Several articles in Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages, including Articles 112 to 115, highlight the importance of the role of Regional Governments in encouraging village development. Several articles in Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages, including Articles 112 to 115, highlight the importance of the role of Local Governments in encouraging village development. Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Local Government, which is one of the legal underpinnings for regional government regulations, is unclear and contradicts Law Number 6 of 2014. Furthermore, except from offering technical guidelines, Law Number 23 of 2014 Ruling Local Government does not specify how the sectoral sector (regional apparatus) at the district level might collaborate with villages in the provision of basic services. Community and Village Empowerment Services are solely entrusted to village affairs (PMD). This poses challenges on the ground, which reduces local government support for village development.  Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion empirical application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/297 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 42-46 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/297/pdf_163 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/297/71 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/136 2020-06-02T13:49:20Z jital:ART

The Relationship between Exchange Rates and Stock Markets for the Fragile Five Countries Hersi, Kadra Yusuf; Istanbul Commerce University Koy, Ayben; Istanbul Commerce University finance, economics Exchange Rate, Stock Indexes, Granger Causality. This paper aims to determine the significance relation and direction of stock markets and exchange rate on Fragile five Countries (South Africa, Turkey, Indonesia, India, and Brazil) between January 2010 to December 2019. This study applied the VAR Analysis and Granger Causality Test to determine the relationship among exchange rates and stock indexes. The results show that South Africa and Turkey exchange rates and stock indexes are in bidirectional relationships, for India and Brazil, there is a one-way causality finding from exchange rate to stock price, and the results for Indonesia show no causality. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-05-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion VAR, Granger Causality application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/136 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 1-13 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/136/pdf_78 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/568 2025-05-23T19:22:47Z jital:ART

Examining the Role of Physical Environment on Labour Mobility in Dodoma High Court in Tanzania Bakari, Bakari; College of Business Education Physical Environment, Labour Mobility, Dodoma High Court, Performance of Employees This study examined the role of the physical environment in influencing labor mobility at Dodoma High Court, Tanzania, employing a cross-sectional research design. A total of 142 employees were surveyed using structured questionnaires, while 10 management personnel participated in semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics revealed that accessibility to essential tools and equipment received the highest mean score (M = 3.84, SD = 1.195), indicating that employees perceived the workplace as well-equipped. Safety measures were rated positively (M = 2.99, SD = 1.148), suggesting a secure environment. Office layout and space for collaborative work received moderate scores (M = 2.68, SD = 1.151; M = 2.68, SD = 1.133). Content analysis of management interviews confirmed these findings, highlighting the importance of investing in physical workspace improvements to enhance job satisfaction and reduce labor mobility. The study concludes that a well-maintained physical environment positively impacts employee retention, suggesting that organizations like the Dodoma High Court should prioritize safety, access to resources, and collaborative workspace design to mitigate labor mobility. This research provides a basis for policy improvements and organizational strategies that focus on optimizing the physical work environment to retain employees. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/568 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 1 (2025): June; 121-129 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/568/pdf_301 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/684 2025-11-28T17:43:49Z jital:ART

Information Sharing and Performance of Fruits and Vegetables Cold Chain in Tanzania: A Case of Arumeru and Hai Districts Ndilibango, Bugunge Jonas Musabila, Albogast K Nsimbila, Paul Maganga Cold supply chain; Fruits; Vegetables; Reciprocity; Information technology This study examines the critical role of information sharing in enhancing the performance of the cold chain for fruits and vegetables in Tanzania, focusing on Arumeru and Hai districts. A convergent parallel design was employed alongside a census technique, surveying 114 actors involved in the fruit and vegetable sector from both districts. Additionally, 12 firms were purposefully selected for in-depth interviews with the same target population. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to evaluate the data. The findings reveal that both reciprocity and information technology significantly and positively influence the performance of the cold chain for fruits and vegetables. These results suggest that, given the perishable nature of fruits and vegetables, effective information sharing among supply chain actors is essential, as it enhances transparency and trust across the chain. This helps mitigate inefficiencies, reduce post-harvest losses, and ultimately increase the profitability of cold chain actors in Tanzania's evolving agricultural landscape. The study recommended that actors in the fruit and vegetable industry should utilize mobile technology and social media to share information to increase market access and ensure that products arrive at customers in the best possible condition, given their short shelf life. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/684 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 316-326 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/684/pdf_367 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/684/146 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/61 2018-01-16T05:26:01Z jital:ART

The Government Supports of People’s Republic of China for Improving Logistics Sector Tuerxun, Gulipiyamu; ISTANBUL COMMERCE UNIVERSITY People's Republic of China, Logistics Sector, Government Supports The People's Republic of China is a country that has developed rapidly along with economic growth, targeting almost every country in the world as an international market. Parallel to the economic growth, the logistics industry also showed a rapid development and achieved an important place in the world rankings. In this study, the policies applied on the logistics sector of the People's Republic of China were investigated. The rapid growth of China's logistics industry has been investigated in terms of the economic effects, policies applied and the growth rate of these policies. In this context, the general situation of the logistics activities in the People's Republic of China and the policy that the government implements are included. According to the obtained data, in the People's Republic of China, the logistics industry is rapidly developing and it is determined that the government provides serious support with the policies applied to the logistics sector. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-01-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/61 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 3, Issue 2 (2017): December; 20-25 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/61/pdf_36 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/61/7 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/231 2021-06-14T07:47:37Z jital:ART

The Impact of Trust in Leaders on Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Employees Gülen Ertosun, Öznur; Istanbul Medipol University Aşçı, Mehmet Saim; Istanbul Medipol University Business Administration, Management, Organizational Behavior Leadership, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Trust D23, L29, M54, M19 The positive impact of organizational citizenship behavior on individual and organizational outputs has been studied extensively in recent years. This study aims to examine the importance and impact of trust in leaders on increasing the organizational citizenship behaviors. The population of the study is the while-collar employees of the organized industrial zones (OIZ) of the Marmara region. The data collected with the participation of 320 employees shows us that except for the dimension of sportsmanship; altruism, civil virtue, conscientiousness, and courtesy-based organizational citizenship behaviors are highly correlated with trust in the leader. According to the regression analysis, civil virtue is found to be the organizational behavior dimension most affected by the trust in the leader. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2021-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Survey Methods; Sampling Methods application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/231 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): June; 118-129 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/231/pdf_127 https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/downloadSuppFile/231/47 Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/311 2022-12-13T05:33:56Z jital:ART

The Effects of Stakeholder’s Involvement on Performance of Public Authorities in Delivering Water Services in Tanzania: Lesson from Dawasa Nyambitta, Taussi Ally Mohamed, Mohamed Habibu; College of Business Education (CBE) Business Administration Stakeholders Involvement, Performance of Public Authority Business Administration The significance of stakeholders  involvement towards the performance of public authorities brought several debate in the country. This study established the effect of stakeholders involvement  on performance of public authorities in delivering water services in Tanzania. The study adopted a cross sectional design on a sample of 52 respondents obtained through stratified sampling and simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaire, interview and documentary review and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage and inferential statistics analysis while Qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis. The study found that stakeholders had a positive and significant effect on the performance of public authorities in delivering water services in Tanzania. Therefore, it was concluded that stakeholder is a prerequisite for the performance of public authorities in delivering water services. The study recommended that DAWASA should have stakeholders’ in different program in order to facilitate performance in water service delivery. Since factors affect performance of public authority in delivering water services are many and diverse, this study focused only one predominant factor (stakeholder’s involvement). Hence, the finding of this study should not be generalized beyond that particular unit of inquiry. Other studies should be conducted to ascertain the extent to which other factors such as organisational resources, management, and technology effect performance of public authority in delivering water services in Tanzania.       Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-12-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Cross sectional design; Qualitatively and Quantitatively application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/311 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): December; 154-161 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/311/pdf_174 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/504 2024-11-28T08:16:23Z jital:ART

The Importance of Start-Up Centers in the Improvement of Entrepreneurship Internationalization Process; A Research Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Its Application Method Akay, Rıza Tuğrul; ISTANBUL TİCARET UNIVERSITY Yıldırım, Figen; ISTANBUL TİCARET UNIVERSITY Entrepreneurship, Internationalization, Entrepreneurial Centers, Analytic Hierarchy Process In this article , the importance and development of international entrepreneurship were examined, investigating how global economic dynamics influence the role of entrepreneurship on national and international levels. The primary aim of the research is to offer a comprehensive approach to examining Turkey's international entrepreneurship ecosystem and evaluating the effectiveness of entrepreneurial centers. The study aims to analyze the criteria affecting the success of entrepreneurial centers and their role in the internationalization process. The first section of the thesis delves into the definition of entrepreneurship, its historical evolution, and contemporary theoretical approaches, detailing various types of entrepreneurship from social to e-entrepreneurship. The second section focuses on the intersections of international trade and entrepreneurship, emphasizing the concept of internationalization and the role of entrepreneurial centers both globally and in Turkey. The methodology of the study is built upon meetings with decision-making authorities and creating Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) matrices. These matrices were employed to determine the priorities of different criteria and alternatives. The role of entrepreneurial centers in the development of international entrepreneurship is analyzed using the AHP method. This analysis aims to reveal the impact of leading entrepreneurial centers in Turkey and globally on the internationalization process and its contributing factors. Key Words: Entrepreneurship, Internationalization, Entrepreneurial Centers, Analytic Hierarchy Process.This article is derived from the doctoral thesis. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2024-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/504 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 10, Issue 2 (2024): December; 44-50 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/504/pdf_270 Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/402 2023-11-24T15:32:33Z jital:ART

Teacher Performance in Tanzania: Discovering the Influence of Salary as a Motivational Catalyst - A Systematic Review Kambuga, Yusuph Maulid; College of Business Education (CBE) Low salary, teacher performance, teacher motivation, retention, turnover Motivation This paper reviews the literature on the relationship between teachers' salaries and their performance in Tanzania. The study highlights the importance of teachers and their role in shaping future generations. However, the low salary levels of teachers have resulted in low motivation, high turnover, and low performance. The review methodology involved a systematic search of electronic databases using keywords related to Tanzania, teacher salaries, teacher performance, motivation, turnover, and job satisfaction through publish or perish software. Databases such as Semantic Scholar, ERIC, Science Direct, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies published between 2010 and 2023. The study used established inclusion and exclusion criteria, and sixteen studies met the criteria, including three quantitative, eight mixed-method, and five qualitative studies.The findings reliably showed that low salaries negatively affect teacher performance worldwide. Teachers receiving low salaries are less motivated, have lower job satisfaction, and are more likely to engage in absenteeism and moonlighting. Moreover, low salaries lead to a brain drain of highly qualified teachers from the public education system to private schools or other professions. The study highlights the importance of addressing the issue of low salaries for teachers in Tanzania to improve teacher performance and the quality of education. The findings showed the role of policymakers, educators, and stakeholders, underscoring the need for a policy addressing the issue of low teacher salaries to improve the quality of education. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law None 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion A systematic review application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/402 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 94-110 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/402/pdf_222 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/635 2025-11-27T14:47:10Z jital:ART

Legal Protection of Creditors in Credit Agreements with Collateralized Mortgage Rights Prasetyo, Joko; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Warka, Made; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Nasution, Krisnadi; Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya law credit, legal, protection law The stability of an advanced national economy is always supported by the development of a healthy business world, and a healthy business world must have finances that are able to maintain business stability. However, when the business world will develop and maintain its business, it is often faced with capital problems or does not have sufficient finance to support the development of its business. This research is a normative legal research. Credit agreements with land rights collateral must be made by making an encumbrance agreement accompanied by a promise to provide collateral.  To obtain legal force for the provision of collateral, the provision of collateral must be registered at the Land Registry Office. If the encumbrance of a mortgage is not registered at the Land Registry Office, the mortgage does not create a property right, which has the nature of droit de suite (a right that follows the object). Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya 2025-11-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion This research is a normative legal research application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/635 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 11, Issue 2 (2025): December; 9-13 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/635/pdf_333 Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/30 2015-12-17T07:24:06Z jital:ART

Blue Sky Birds Come to the World Kelek, Bura Sabiha; Istanbul Commerce University Logistics; Distribution; Drone; Predator; Transportation The New Supply System comes to all fields for logistics.Drone is an unmanned vehicle for loading and unloading packages.Perhaps we can imagine it as a ‘’blue sky bird’’. This new trend has three important impacts that are determined by technoligical capabilities, ,regularity pressure, and public acceptance so that it will be dealed within current powers and circumstances. This kind of vehicles are used in different capacities, such as multicopter,drone or robot.Logistics’ issues are interested in short-term delivery systems for customer satisfaction but all developments go through GPS so it is based on 21st century technological developments, which have been tested on a short-term basis and will be expected to be of use in 2 years. The purpose of this research is to give lead to researchers information about risk and the advantages of using the technology in this manner.Some advantages and disadvantages ,schedules’ problems in the system will be identifed. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2015-12-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/30 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 1, Issue 1 (2015): June; 41-49 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/30/pdf_4 Copyright (c) 2015 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/165 2020-06-22T05:35:31Z jital:ART

The Role of Fear on the Entrepreneurial Mindset Çemberci, Murat; Yıldız Technical University Karakeçe, Ercan; Istanbul Medipol University Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Mindset, Fear The demand for entrepreneurship is growing in the world. It reminds readers of triumph. However, achievement elements in enterprises are associated with many factors. To fully understand entrepreneurship, besides technical issues, it should be focused on some soft issues. For this purpose, this article was conducted on fear emotion that affects entrepreneurial actions. The study used a qualitative method using primary data from questionnaires. The analysis provides an overall view that in entrepreneurship, intangible factors are accepted as meaningful as tangible ones. The research aims to uncover the effects the fear factors implement the entrepreneurial mindset. The issues consist of an introduction, theoretical framework, and hypothesis study about entrepreneurship, and fear. Lastly, conclusions and recommendations are submitted to help enable the advancement of entrepreneurial activities Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2020-06-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/165 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 6, Issue 1 (2020): June; 158-163 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/165/pdf_96 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/710 2026-06-06T06:36:22Z jital:ART

The Transformation of Internal Resources into Performance in Early-Stage Ventures Keskik, Burak; Yildiz Technical University Kırcova, İbrahim; Yildiz Technical University Business; Marketing; Entrepreneurship Resource-Based View, Resource Orchestration, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Moderated Mediation, Firm Performance This conceptual study explains how founder-based resources (entrepreneurial knowledge, skills, and networks) are transformed into firm performance in early-stage ventures operating under resource scarcity. Integrating the Resource-Based View (RBV), which addresses “what resources a venture possesses,” with Resource Orchestration, which explains “how these resources create value,” and with Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO), which clarifies “under what conditions these processes are strengthened,” the study proposes a three-stage causal mechanism. Specifically: (i) founder-based resources enhance performance through the processes of resource discovery, combination, and deployment; (ii) this relationship represents full mediation, indicating that resources influence performance solely through orchestration processes; and (iii) EO dimensions (innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness) moderate and amplify this indirect effect. Rather than presenting empirical findings, the study offers a conceptual model arguing that value creation stems not from resource abundance but from the effective managerial orchestration of scarce assets. Theoretically, it extends RBV by embedding process-level reasoning; practically, it offers insights for designing accelerators, mentorship structures, and network-based support mechanisms aligned with the stages of resource orchestration. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2026-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Conceptual Study application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/710 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 12, Issue 1 (2026): June; 116-125 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/710/pdf_384 Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/74 2018-06-21T04:45:06Z jital:ART

Developing Strategy Evaluation Method Via Strategic Control System Based Risk Assessment Baylan, Emin Başar; İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Endüstri Mühendisliği Bölümü Industrial Engineering Strategy Selection, Risk Analysis, Strategic Control, Decision Tree, Strategy Risk Analysis In strategic planning process, strategy alternatives have to be evaluated properly to select best one to achieve strategic goals. During the evaluation process strategy alternatives are compared and measured according to their probable performance on their related strategic target. Risk, cost, feasibility, effect on performance target and implementation time are the main parameters which reflect performance of strategy. In this study, risk aspect is analyzed with a consecutive approach while evaluating a particular strategy in terms of the effect on performance targets. After this analysis, strategic control model based strategy evaluation technique is developed to assess the risk level of particular strategy and it is illustrated by an application. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2018-05-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Decision Tree, Strategic Control application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/74 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 4, Issue 1 (2018): June; 92-100 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/74/pdf_52 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/268 2022-06-16T04:30:04Z jital:ART

Regulating Oil and Gas Resources between Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar: Is it a Legal Challenge? Gabagambi, Liberatus Cosmas; College of Business Education (CBE) Oil and Gas; Regulatory; challenges; Tanzania Regulating, Oil, Gas, Resources, Challenge, Tanzania Law This study  analyses legal challenges of the system of laws regulating oil and gas resources between Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar.  The article reviewed  existing laws regulating oil and gas resources and identified that the law provides different system for regulating oil and gas resources between Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. It further examines whether regulating laws are adequate to regulate oil and gas resources without resulting into new challenges. The findings show that, the duo system of laws regulating oil and gas resources between Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar suffers from practical and operational challenges such as: Ownership and Control of Oil and Gas Resources, differences in Regulatory Institutions, powers to issuance of exploration licenses, challenges relating to legislative authority over  oil and gas, Challenges relating to exploitation  of offshore oil and gas resources, and challenges relating to oil and gas revenue sharing between Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. The data for  this study,  were sourced from legal documents such as: statutes, legal text, court decisions, government bills and plicies and  from   government ministries, officials from regulatory institutions, members of the parliament, legal practitioners (advocates), investors in the oil and gas sector, and NGOs from both parts of the Union. Documentary reviews and field interviews were used as data collection methods.  Based on the findings from data analysis,  the researcher propose  potential mechanisms to enable the United Republic of Tanzania (Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar) to explore and exploit oil and gas resources without resulting into resource conflict. Therefore, the study recommends for laws regulating oil and gas resources to be amended, to provide coordinating committee among institutions, harmonization of laws governing oil and gas resources, to establish oil and gas revenues sharing system, and oil and gas to remain union resource. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2022-06-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion qualitative application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/268 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 8, Issue 1 (2022): June; 48-61 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/268/pdf_142 Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/436 2023-11-28T06:05:17Z jital:ART

The Relation between Supply Chain Analytics Management Capability and Firm Performance Karagülle, Tuğba; Yildiz Technical University Çemberci, Murat organizational information processing theory, supply chain analytics, big data, analytics management capability The global academic and practitioner industries have shown significant interest in the effect and importance of big data analytics and new technologies on supply chains. Based on the organizational information processing theory, this study attempts to investigate how big data driven supply chain analytics management capability influence firm performance. We tested our research hypotheses using variance based structural equation modelling with survey data collected using a web based pre-tested instrument from 201 respondents employed various industries in Turkey. The findings indicate that supply chain analytics Management capability has positive effect on firm performance. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 2023-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/436 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law; Volume 9, Issue 2 (2023): December; 282-291 2149-9748 eng https://www.jital.org/index.php/jital/article/view/436/pdf_238 Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law e0647a4942a55d07c4c8095f02f97170